the Diary of Frederick William Hurst

Part 2

February 23rd. Spent most of the day studying and reading the Deseret News. Pilikia about food.

February 24th, Sunday. Attended four meetings today. Spoke once and distributed some of the pamphlets before mentioned. Been troubled all day with a swelled face and toothache. Wrote to my Brother in Honolulu.

February 25th. Spent the day drawing and painting Lu's likeness, and assisted Brother Bell to make a frame for it.

February 26th. Took and painted another likeness. Brother Bell fixed a frame for it. Very short of food.

February 27th. No food at the house. Had to go beg for our food today. Wrote to my Brother C. C. Hurst and Brother William King.

Kalae, February 28th. Met with the Saints at Waialua and then started round the Island to hold conferences. We reached this place long after dark. We found Brother Meyer and wife very well. We soon ate up all the food they had in the house.

February 29th. It poured with rain all day so that we could not proceed on our journey. We fasted till about midday and then we devoured some boiled potatoes. We fairly astonished our host.

Kaualuna, March 1st. It continued raining heavy all night and late this morning. As soon as it cleared up so we could pursue on our journey we started and arrived here about midday. Found Brother Kahupe and the so called brethren and sisters well. As soon as we got the chance we ate up all the food they had and were not then half satisfied. It is astonishing to the natives to see us eat. As soon as the Imu was done we ate an astonishing quantity of potatoes and salt.

Sunday, March 2nd. Met with the Saints before breakfast, had a good meeting. About ten o'clock we met again in the capacity of conference. The Saints felt well and willing to sustain all the authorities, and in Zion. There is at present in this branch, 1 Elder, 2 Priests, 2 Teachers, 3 Deacons and 29 Members. Total 38. Adjourned till 2 o'clock. Brother Bell preached on gathering. I spoke on Joseph Smith and the rise of the Church. Brother Keanu spoke on the blessings of the Gospel. Gave out meeting for Tuesday, etc.

March 3rd. Spent most of the day studying and in the afternoon Brother Bell and I went shell hunting. Spent the evening talking about Captain Cook.

March 4th. Bathed and washed a shirt. Studied. Very short of food, lived on salt and potatoes most of the time.

Kalae, March 5th. After breakfasting off salt and potatoes we left Kaualuna for Kalaekai. We reached this place about four o'clock and found Brother Kaanaalewa well and glad to see us. We got plenty of food here, consisting of fish and potatoes. Spent the

evening agreeably talking and singing.

Papahaku, March 6th. We bid Kaanaalewa and family farewell and started for this place. We had heard that two Mormon Elders had beaten and nearly killed a kanaka called Naheana. We called at his house and inquired into the affair. As soon as he saw us coming he came out and met us and shook hands with us. Keanu then asked him concerning the matter, he said it was true. Eli then asked him if he could point them out and he said yes. I was one and Brother King was the other and the one that beat him. I told him he lied; that it was all false. Keanu then said that we had better go to law about it. That frightened the man and he said he did not beat him but pulled the stick out of his hand and threatened to do it. Brother Bell then asked him where the stick was and he said in the house. We told him to fetch it out and show it to us. He then said it was lost and after all Brother W. King only took up the stick to look at it. After cautioning the man not to circulate such lies again we pursued our journey.

We stopped within four miles of this place and had some bananas and sugar cane. We arrived here about four o'clock. Brother Ka Uhane was gone fishing; he returned about nine o'clock, cooked some fish and we suppered about eleven o'clock. Then laid down but alas not to sleep for the fleas were too numerous and hungry.

March 7th. Brother Bell and I went shell hunting but gained nothing but sore feet climbing over the rocks barefoot. In the afternoon we bathed in the sea. Weather very hot.

March 8th. Brother Bell, Keanu, and I had a good swim in the sea. Spent the day studying and collecting shells.

Sunday, March 9th. Met in the capacity of conference at about ten a.m. Brother Bell President, Brother Keanu Clerk. After getting through with the business, Brother Bell addressed the Saints on "The Laws of God". Met again about 2 p.m. Brother Keanu opened the meeting with prayer after which I got up and addressed the Saints on "The Rise of the Church", followed by Keanu on the same subject, and then closed the meeting. We then got something to eat for the first time today.

About sunset we bid the Saints farewell and started for this place. We arrived here about nine o'clock; they had no food cooked and the Saints were in bed and asleep. Brother Laanu arose and lit a fire and cooked us some potatoes and fish, after which we laid down to rest very much fatigued.

March 10th, Waiakane. My foot kept me awake near all night and is still bad. Very little to eat all day. Some rain.

March 11th. This morning Brothers Bell and Keanu started for Waialua. I could not accompany them on account of my foot, though it is getting better. Fasted till night, then got a little potatoes and Fish.

Quite a number of Laanu's friends came from Kaluaho today. They filled the house. I saw I was not wanted so I told them I would start for Waialua, although it was then getting dark. They seemed glad so I bid them farewell and started. I walked about fifteen miles and then reached Pakea, though I took the precaution to stop at a house on the road and get something to eat. I reached Pakea about 11 or 12 o'clock. Brother Laepau and family were astonished to see me at that hour of the night. They had nothing to eat but watermelons. I ate part of a half ripe one and then decided to stay there the rest of the night as my foot was very painful.

I arose with the sun, ate another watermelon and then pursued my journey to Waialua. My foot bothered me some but not more than I could still walk at a good pace. I reached Waialua about 2 o'clock p.m. Could not get anything to eat on the road, and when I got to the house there was nothing to eat there, however, after a bit we got some salt and poi. Brother Bell and Keanu reached this place last night. I was very much vexed to think that our letters had not gone to Oahu.

Waialua, March 13th. Brother Keanu and I attended meeting this morning, brother Bell stopped at home on account he had no shoes. I spoke encouraging to the Saints, begging for both shoes and food, followed by Brother Keanu. In the evening Brother Kaauwana gave Brother Bell a new pair of boots. I received a letter from Brother J. T. Caine. Reports all well in Honolulu except President Silas Smith who was sick but is getting better.

March 14th. Met with the Saints before breakfast, after which I took Kaauwana's likeness. In the evening Brother Bell and I went to Lupehu and stayed all night with Brother Kuli, and returned this morning and soon after our return I took another likeness.

About five o'clock Brother Maiala and a couple of brethren arrived with the boat and a letter from President Silas Smith, stating that I was to return with the boat to take charge of the Sloap Lanai as Brother Hammond and family and Brother Rice have returned to the valley. We have spent the evening very agreeably talking about Lanai.

Sunday, March 16th. Met with the Saints before breakfast and again at ten a.m. in conference capacity. Cut seven off. The rest felt very well. Met again at :00 p.m. and in the evening. Brother Maiala spoke on the gathering; I followed by making my farewell speech in the evening to Brother Keluli and the Saints according to instructions received from President Silas Smith. We partook of the Sacrament.

We begged some mats and succeeded in getting six. After supping of poi and Salt we prepared to start for Lahaina. Bid the Saints farewell. A great many accompanied us to the beach saying: "Aloha, ino a Williama." I shall not try to describe the natives' ejaculations that were poured forth.

We got under way about nine o'clock. A beautiful moonlight night and a light land breeze in our favor. When we got out in the channel the wind dropped and we had

to pull. When we reached Maui we caught the land breeze again and reached Lahaina at 3:00 a.m. Found President Silas Smith and S. S. Smith in bed, feeling well and glad to see us.

After refreshing myself with a little salt and poi I laid down to rest in the first bed I had slept in for some time. I almost forgot to state that I was sick coming over in the boat and that I lost my hat overboard.

Lahaina, March 17th. Attended meeting at six o'clock. I spoke on the duties to be performed in this Church, followed by President Silas and S. S. Smith. Very few attended.

It is now near a month since I wrote anything in my journal owing to a variety of unavoidable circumstances.

On the eighteenth of March I went on board the Sloap Lanai; She had just arrived from Kalepalepa with a cargo of potatoes. Owing to the vessel leaking so much they were half rotten. We threw the bad ones overboard, about ten bushels, and took the rest on board two whaling ships lying in the harbor. On Wednesday the 19th we started for Kalepalepa for another load. We arrived there Thursday the 20th, took in 150 bushels of potatoes, got back to Lahaina Saturday the 22nd at 5:30 p.m.

We had not laid there very long when the trade winds began to blow very strong. Brother Rice went ashore to buy provisions, while he was ashore we dragged our anchor. I then let out all the chain I could to keep her to her moorings till Brother Rice got back. He saw the Vessel dragging and came off without the provisions. The wind increased to a hurricane and we soon found we were driving out to sea fast. We tried to get in our anchor but were so short handed, only three of us, Brother Rice, a native Pauana, and myself. There was no alternative but slip the cable. We fixed forty fathoms of new line with a hurry and off we went before the wind to the lee side of the Island of Lanai, there to stop till the gale was over. We got into a small bay called Manila and dropped anchor just before sunset. We had not shackle to the anchor so we had to fix it as well as we could by twisting the chain round the flukes and fastening it with line. We lay pretty snug till about 12 midnight and then found we were dragging our anchor again. Brother Rice got very much excited, crying: "Oh dear, what shall we do, what is the reason the Lord has cursed us in this manner, etc." I said the best thing we could do was to get the anchor up and either put back or else run onto Oahu. We therefore set to work as there was no time to lose. We tried to double back but made no impression; we fixed another block and hoisted away on the main lift. It took us near two hours to get two fathoms and seven hours of hard pulling to fish the anchor. I cannot begin to describe what I suffered with my hands, they got perfectly raw. And to make things worse the Boom swung round and near broke my back. It was so that I could not talk for some time. We reasoned to put back to Manila so we set sail, double reefed Mainsail and Gili we beat up. We were blown off about five miles. Soon after we started back we were caught in a

heavy squall which split the Gili about 11 o'clock. We ran closer in shore this time, we lay about 2 hours this time and got blown off again. This time instead of letting out the chain we hauled it in. It took us about 2 or 3 hours hard pulling to get back again and run her in about 2½ fathoms of water. This was about the hardest Sunday's work I ever did in my life. We were completely worn out when we got in this last time, for want of food. We had nothing in the world to eat but potatoes and salt. We had to keep a strict watch all night but although the wind was blowing hard we lay pretty snug.

Monday, March 24th. It took us all day to mend and set it up again.

March 25th. Thinking the gale was all over we weighed anchor and started for Lahaina. Soon after we started it fell calm and we had to get the sweeps to work to keep from running on to a reef of rocks. The Lanai boat caught us, it was also going to Lahaina. We took them all on board and tied their boat astern of the Sloap. Soon after we got a breeze which increased to a gale. We soon found it wisdom to put back, we got back about sunset and anchored once more.

March 26th. I was awakened by hearing a great noise on deck between Brother Rice and the native. I got up and went on deck to put a stop to it. The man wanted to go but Brother Rice said he should not go till we got to Lahaina. To settle the dispute I said I would go to Palawai and get some men, accordingly I started. After a walk of three miles I reached the mission House and found Brothers W. Pack, S. Johnson, and William King. All well. I got two men to say they would go. As I was coming back in company with Brother King we met one of them coming back; said he had taken sick on the road and so returned. However, one came and I persuaded Pauana to stay on until we got to Lahaina.

March 27th. We again set sail for Lahaina; arrived there Friday at 5:30 a.m. and spent all day Friday and Saturday discharging our cargo. I would add the vessel had to be pumped every hour.

Elders John Young, H. Richards, W. B. Rogers, and E. Partridge arrived from Hawaii in the evening. I got leave to go on shore as I felt very bad, owing to such hard work and want of food and the accident to my back. That same evening President Silas Smith and five or six Elders started for Lanai to hold Conference on the sixth of April.

March 30th, Sunday. Held three meetings today. I spoke once. Enjoyed ourselves very much.

On the 3rd of April, I, in company with 7 other Elders started for Lanai. We arrived about 4:00 p.m. We all bathed in the sea. We reached Palawai just at dusk, found all the Brethren. I almost forgot to state that my Brother C. C. Hurst arrived from Oahu with Brother George Speires and Thurston. I hardly knew him he had grown so since I saw him last August. He came up as he had left his situation on Saturday. Brothers

Caine, Cluff, Young and Lorin arrived from Oahu and Lahaina.

Sunday, April 6th, Palawai. Met with the Saints before breakfast. At about eleven o'clock we met in the capacity of Conference. Including my Brother there were 21 haules (whites) present. Commenced as usual by singing and prayer, remarks by President Silas Smith. According to the reports given by the several conferences there were several less than last conference. The Saints generally feel better than they did last year. In the afternoon Brother Caine gave in a report which showed that the mission was in a much more prosperous condition than formerly, that most of the debts were liquidated. In the evening Brother Caine gave a lecture on the first principles, followed by some of the Brethren.

April 7th. Held meeting with the native Saints. It fell to my lot go be bugler so I had to be up at dawn every morning. Met again at 10:00 a.m. to resume the business of the conference. As Brother Silas Smith has been declining for some two months past it was thought wisdom to release him honorably from the mission. Although Brother Smith has been but a short time on the mission he has done a good work and is a good faithful man. Brother Caine then read over a list of names showing our various fields of labour for the next six months. Brother W. King and I were called to labour on the Island of Oahu under the direction of President John T. Caine. We held a vocal meeting in the evening; that is each one spoke his feelings. I never saw such unity as there is and has been all through conference. Brother Bell was called to assist on board the vessel Lanai under the direction of President E. Partridge. My brother, C. C. Hurst, was called to assist in the Lanai conference and learn the language.

April 8th. Met with the natives in the morning early. Met again at 10:00 a.m. and each of the brethren spoke our feelings. In the afternoon we were all blessed and set apart for our different fields of labour.

April 9th. Twelve of us started to go to our fields of labour, but the boat leaked so bad that it was thought best for three of us to return. Accordingly, Brothers West, Thurston, and myself returned to Palawai where we stayed till Monday the 14th. I had forgotten to state that while I was bathing I cut my foot very severely with a rock and it is still very bad. After a four hour passage on Monday we arrived at Lahaina at about 3:00 p.m. and took passage the same evening on board the Haalileo Schooner and on Tuesday about 9:00 a.m. we arrived at this place, Honolulu. On account of my sore foot I have not been able to stir out much. I spent Tuesday evening at Brother Evan's and found him and his family all well.

April 18th, Honolulu. Brothers Ward Pack and S. Molen started for Kauwai; also Sides came back from the coast. Brother King and I took tea at Brother Evan's.

April 19th. Sides came to see us. Gave us a history of his travels. He says San

Bernardino is the worst place he ever saw in his life. That the people are all starving to death owing to the great famine. Reports the Saints to be the DAMNDEST set he ever saw. The city he could not find for there was none, all he found was a small village. The land is so covered with saluradous that nothing will grow. That Brother C. C. Rich is the best and only good man there.

Sunday, April 20th, Met with the native Saints t 10:00 a.m. Brother King spoke first, then myself, and I was followed by Brother Silas S. Smith. We adjourned for one hour, and then met again. Begged for means to assist Brother Silas S. to return to the Valley.

April 22nd. I was taken very bad with severe cold chills on Sunday evening which left me with a high fever and kept me in bed all day yesterday. Today Brother King and I went up to the falls and bathed and I have felt much better since. The fever has entirely left me; but I have no appetite.

April 23rd. Brother King and I went to Waikalulu to hold meeting. very few attended. I spent the evening at Brother Story's.

April 24th. Brother King and I went to Puiwa and held a meeting; after which we bathed.

April 25th. Spent the day studying. Wrote to my brother, Clement, in Lanai.

April 26th, Kualakai. I started in company with Lililehua, a native Elder, to visit my field of labour in the various branches, namely Ewa, Kualakai, Wahiawa, Waialua. We tried in vain to get horses. We reached Ewa about midday and found four Saints only. We got some bananas, poi and wild onions. After resting we pressed on to this place, got here just after dark. The Saints felt well but had nothing to eat so we went supperless to bed.

April 27th, Wahiawa. We held meeting at Kualakai this morning, I preached. About 12:00 Noon we got a couple of horses and by very hard riding we reached this place about four o'clock; about 20 miles and very rough roads. Had a little to eat, I then preached to a good full house.

Feel pretty well. On Monday and Tuesday, my foot being very sore, I kept in the house all the time. Our President's wife died on the 16th inst. He is very sick, his name is Kalalakahiki.

April 30th, Waialua. I baptized Kalalakahiki at daylight for his health. Got a couple of horses, one was rather wild. I got on his back, he jumped and kicked and at last threw me over his head. I alighted on my feet unhurt. I changed horses. We rode very smart where we could, the road new, rough. We cut across the country, ascended a very steep mountain; so steep that I had to get off and lead my horse for I had no gist to my saddle. When we got half way up the hill we met a herd of wild cattle. We got up on top of a small hill on the upper side of the road among some trees; just had time to tie our

horses and climb to the top of a tree. Along they came right under us;. Fortunately they did not rush our horses. We left our horses about two miles from here, had some poi and raw fish to eat and arrived here about five o'clock and put up at Elder Kaaiai's house. Spent the evening very agreeably talking and answering a variety of questions.

This I find is a general custom among the Saints here. Every newcomer that comes among them, they get their bible and ask the meaning of this and that and the other to see if we Elders have different opinions on the scriptures. And also to see if he is well versed in the scriptures. I happened to answer satisfactory every question put to me. They then said that even if I was young I was smart in the scriptures.

May 1st. Held meeting this morning. I preached followed by Lililehua. Lililehua left me to return to Honolulu. We fasted all day. In the evening Kaaiai and I went to see some of the brethren. Then had long arguments pertaining to this Church. My foot keeps me from getting about much yet. Wrote to Brother Caine.

May 3rd. I baptized three young men this morning; namely Henery Robert Barker, MuKu, and John Numela. I also had a fine swim; crossed the river in an old rush canoe, got a quantity of figs, returning the canoe capsized and turned us out into the river.

Waialua Oahu, Sunday, May4th. Held two meetings. I spoke on the necessity of living the principles we profess. At the second meeting I spoke on the Lord's Supper after which we confirmed the three I baptized yesterday. I then gave the Saints a chance to speak, whereupon two got up and confessed they had committed adultery, drinking. I had quite a job to settle this as the Saints were not willing to forgive them. I took them outside and talked with them. I told them they would have to be baptized over again, that is the way we got the thing settled. The Saints do not feel at all well in this place.

May 5th. Spent all morning studying. In the evening I took a walk around this place with Henery Barker. Spent the evening talking about Australia.

May 6th. I went to see the Catholic Chapel. Had a long argument with a native Catholic about the Church of Christ being built on Peter's back. It is a rare job to get anything to eat here.

May 7th. Held meeting in the afternoon. Four members attended. Sat up near all night arguing.

May 8th. The natives are having a great feast. The weather is very hot. I bathed twice today. Not being able to get anything to eat till near night I went in search of figs. I was very successful for I got as many as I could eat. Plenty of figs grow wild in this place.

May 10th. I baptized a young woman named Kauki. Fasted most of the day. The weather is very warm.

May 11th, Sunday. Held two meetings. I spoke on the rise of the Church and baptism. I believe this is the worst branch on the whole Island. The Saints are just full of the Spirit of the Devil instead of the Spirit of the Lord. When I was speaking today I felt that it was like pouring water on a duck's back, or to very little profit. Very few Saints attended, and what did did not feel well.

May 17th. Owing to having no pen I cannot write every day. It is now the 17th of May. I am still at Waialua, daily expecting Elder William King from Kaulau. I am just barefoot and at present a very poor prospect of getting a pair. Yesterday one of the Saints here, the President of the branch, said they liked the Calvinists best for they had plenty of money; but we Mormon Elders were very poor and therefore the Saints despised us. I therefore packed up and left his place. He asked me where I was going and I said I was going to Kaianai's house to live. He was then sorry and wanted me to stop till after Sunday; but I had previously made arrangements with Kaianai to live with him, the same place where Elder W. W. Cluff lived when he was here. He then offered me his boots but they were much too large. He then gave me a white shirt and vest and offered to carry my bag to my new lodgings.

I spent the evening very agreeably talking about the Victoria Gold Mines and the earthquake in New Zealand. Just as I laid down to rest I had the pleasure of seeing a centipede about six inches long. We hunt the reptiles to death.

I have been trying all week to get work to earn something with which to get shoes but have not yet succeeded. I have spent most of the day with a white man named Wilson. He lives close by; I have borne my testimony to him that this work is of God. We very frequently talk about Mormonism. He is an Englishman, very free and seems good natured, always very glad to see me. He has been very sick for a long time with the dysentery and is now just getting better, though he is still very weak. I put up a seat for him out in front of the house. On the whole I am very comfortable or would be if the Saints had a little more love for the truth. I have been troubled all week with a swelled face and the toothache.

May18th, Sunday. Met with the so called Saints. I preached on "The Prophesy's", very few Saints attended. Tried to get a pair of shoes but did not succeed. Spent the evening with Mr. Wilson, wrote out a will for him.

May 19th. Brother King arrived from Kaulau about 12 o'clock a.m. We spent the evening very agreeably.

May 20th. Brother King and I went to Emerson's, did not get any letters. We also went around among the Saints to stir them to come to meeting; we managed to get about a dozen together in the afternoon, Brother King preached.

May 21st. Brother King and I started for Honolulu at day light, got about 16 miles and then met President Silas Smith and Brother Eli Bell on their way to this place. We turned back and when we had traveled about six miles we had a good swim and then proceeded back to this place and arrived about 3 or 4 o'clock p.m. My feet blistered dreadfully. Spent the evening agreeably talking and singing.

May 22nd. Held meeting with the Saints about holding school to teach them English; a great many propositions made but nothing settled. Adjourned till Tuesday. In the evening we got to talking with the Saints about worshipping Gods; such as Sharks, Lizards, etc. Found out that most if not all of the Saints on this Island worship them to this day.

May 25th. Nothing in particular occurred on Friday or Saturday. We met three times today, the Saints turned out well. After the first meeting I baptized three and rebaptized one into the Church. In the evening we met about the school again. It was agreed that each should pay three dollars per year. I commence, if all is well on Tuesday morning at ten o'clock.

May 26th. Spent most of the day reading, "The Life of a Whaler." In the evening I read, "The Life of Robert Bayes."

May 27th. We commenced the school this morning with 11 members only after all the fuss about a school. Met at 10:00 a.m., out at 12:00; met again at 2:00pm., out again at 4:00. We all went down to the river and had a swim. The brethren are making preparations to start for Waianai in the morning so I will be left alone a short time again.

May 28th. A. Kilawa started to Waianai on horseback. They managed to get a horse each after a great deal of trouble. I find it is very interesting teaching school. . . [page torn]

May 29th. Brother Smith and Brother Eli have arrive here from ____________ this afternoon. Brought letters. . . [page torn]

. . .Silas. We spent the evening till a very late hour talking about Lanai.

May 30th. Had quite a disturbance with the children today. I told them if they did not behave I would turn them all out of the school and leave them all together.

May 31st. Went round among the Saints to stir them up.

June 1st, Sunday. Tried to get a horse to go to Waialei, but did not succeed. Held two meetings after which Brother Kailihune and I went to hear the Reverend Emerson preach. The subject of his discourse was Mormonism. Said they did not believe in the Bible, that they were followers of Mohamet.

[Here several days entries are torn out]

June 7th. I went up to see the Reverend Mr. Emerson. Had a long argument with him on Mormonism; but I haven't the time to write the particulars.

June 8th, Sunday. Held two meetings. Administered the Sacrament. Brother Bell baptized two yesterday. Blessed two children today.

This is Saturday. I have not been able to write all week but there has been nothing of importance. Brothers Bell and Kailihune started round to Wahiawa on Monday morning and returned yesterday. Report the Saints very down. I have spent the week as usual, teaching school, which is rather a hard task. However, I feel well in health and spirits. I still feel to do all I can to help build up the kingdom of God. Brother Bell and I are rather hard up for clothing, all our shirts fairly torn to rags; all out at the elbows; in fact I am a perfect rag muffin. If it were not for the work I am engaged in I would be ashamed to be seen. I have tried to get work but cannot. I do not trouble myself, the Lord will provide; at any rate He is my only trust.

I received four letters today from Clement, and one from Brother Caine. One of the letters from Clement contained news concerning the building of the Mission House at Lanai. On the third inst President Silas Smith, W. W. Cluff, Brother Rogers and Joseph Smith lost their trunks and one of the brethren lost his Journals and valuable papers. I have lost a large red blanket besides several other things.

DIARY 1857-1858

San Francisco, April 3, 1857:

For some months passed I have neglected my journal, the consequence is that I shall have to write from memory. On the 6th of last October, 1856, I was released from the Sandwich Island Mission. On the 8th of November following, I set sail, in company with my brother Charles C. Hurst, for San Francisco, California. Perhaps it will be necessary to say that we worked our passage before the mast, and when I look back and think of it I can truly say that the hand of the Lord was over us for good, although I realize that it was one of the greatest trials I have had to endure since I have been in the Church. To speak plainly we were in a perfect Hell. The first mate was the meanest scamp I ever saw, however, it did not last long for we arrived in San Francisco on the night of November 23rd. I will leave it to the imagination of the readers how glad we were to meet with the Saints after being with such a set of devils. My joy was so great that it knew no bounds.

When we landed we were worth 37½ cents each. Owing to our clothing being very light and thin, and I must confess rather the worse for wear, we experienced the cold weather pretty severely till Brother John Baptist gave me a good cloth coat. Sister Mowery gave me a pair of shoes, and Brother Everett kindly took us in; in fact all of the Saints we met with behaved very kind. We stayed in the city till the 3rd of December, then I accompanied Brother W. Whipple to the Redwoods. He paid my fare. On the following Sunday Clement followed me.

It was some time before we could get work, in the mean time I helped to chores about the house, that is Brother Eli Whipple's. Bye the bye, his wife is very much opposed to Mormonism. We hired out at several places but could get no pay. In the beginning of March, Clement and I concluded we would work on our own account. We split 730 posts the first four days, then a Brother, newly baptized, came from the city. He having nothing to do we took him with us. I believe his name is Ingelsted, from Norway. Up to the end of March we split 3,000 posts and sold them all for $90. As to what was owing to us, we handed out some and left the rest in the hands of E. Whipple to collect though I hardly expect to get one cent.

On the 3rd of April, four of us walked from the Redwoods up to San Francisco, a distance of 36 miles. We arrived at the office at 3 o'clock p.m. and found all the brethren well. April 3rd I gave Brother George Q. Cannon $10.00 for the paper. I gave Brother Mandle $3.00 etc.

Here I had the pleasure of meeting brother William Cooke, late from New Zealand. I truly rejoiced to see him once more. We had been separated over two years and a half.

On the 5th of April, Sunday, I attended four meetings, the Saints felt well. I and four others renewed our covenants; namely, Brothers E. Whitlock, Brother Bennett, Charles C. Hurst, and Eli Whipple.

Monday, April 6. We met in the capacity of Conference. For particulars, see the Western Standard, Friday the 10th, Volume 2nd, No. 5. I can truly say I never attended better meetings before. The Spirit of the Lord was in our midst. I will state that it was my intention previous to the conference to accompany Brother W. Cooke to the valley, but the conference thought it best, as the field was large and the laborers few, to send us to the mines to preach under the presidency of Elder Shearman.

The following blessing to the best of my recollection was pronounced by Brother C. W. Wamble:

"Brother Frederick Hurst; We the servants of the Lord lay our hands upon you to give you a blessing. Behold the Lord is well pleased with you, and in as much as you keep humble you shall go forth and the power of God shall rest upon you so that when you get up to speak you shall cause men to quake and tremble. You shall do a good work in California, and in due time you shall go up to Zion bearing your sheaves with you. And you shall go forth to the Lamanites and do a great work among them. You shall live to a good old age, yea you shall see Jesus Christ's second coming with thousands of His Saints with Him in the clouds of fire, etc."

On Monday the 13th I wrote to Mother and Amelia and fixed up ready to start. On Tuesday the 14th, six of us; namely Elders Boyle, Winslow, J. Thatcher, C. C. Hurst, and Geary W. Rogers, late from the Islands, started for Petaluma* where we arrived in the evening. Here four of the brethren went on to Buckeye and left Brother Boyle and myself at a Mr. Lotson's. Here we met Brother L. Stillman, nephew to President Brigham Young. He is a wild young man, but I believe good hearted. He informed me that he left Salt Lake City about four or five years ago.

Wednesday, April 15. Elder Boyle and I started this morning for Russian River. We called at Mr. Mayfield's, three miles from Petaluma. We rested a while and then pushed on until we got to Old Uncle Shelton's where we were treated kindly Spent the evening agreeably reading.

Tuesday, April 16. After breakfast, Brother Boyle and I went to Blacher Valley. Got liberty to preach in the school house. Gave out an appointment for tomorrow night at early candlelight.

Friday, April 17. According to previous appointment we met this evening. The people turned out well. Brother Boyle preached, afterward I bore my testimony, etc. The few Saints here feel well at present.

Saturday, April 18. We walked to the Dry Creek Branch, a distance of thirty miles. Found Brother Dramm well and feeling glad to see us. We spent the evening very agreeably.

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Petaluma: north of San Francisco

Sunday, April 19, Dry Creek. At 10:00 a.m. we met at Brother G. D. Sparke's house. A few of the Saints attended, and to tell the truth they felt dull and sleepy. According to President George Q. Cannon's instructions we tried to find out who were going to Salt Lake and who to San Bernardino. In the evening we went home with Brother George W. Chick and wife, about four miles walk up in the mountains. I never saw such a beautiful variety of wild flowers before. Surely, as the scriptures saith, "This land is blessed above all other lands." The scenery in this Russian River district is really charming.

On Monday the 20th, Brother Chick, Brother Boyle and I went deer hunting. We scared one up but he got away from us. We traveled over hill and dale to no purpose for we returned without any game.

Tuesday we came back to Brother Dramm's and stayed all night.

Wednesday, April 22. We walked up Dry Creek six miles to Mr. Waterman's. He is an apostate, but his wife is a Mormon. We found the old lady and her daughter at home and glad to see us. As soon as we rested we had a swim in the creek nearby. Spent the evening very agreeably listening to Brother Boyle and Mr. Waterman telling bear stories. At their request I sang a hymn in the Hawaiian language.

On Thursday the 23rd Brother Boyle went down the creek, and I went up the creek to tell the people if they wanted to hear anything pertaining to Mormonism we would preach at 3:00 p.m. at Mr. Waterman's house. Brother Dramm brought his wagon full of Saints and according to appointment we met. Three or four gentiles attended, although I walked three miles up the creek and waded the stream 6 times, and Brother Boyle went down the same distance. However, we had a good time. I spoke first followed by Elder Boyle and Elder Dramm. After meeting Celia Waterman was baptized under the hands of Elder H. G. Boyle, after which we confirmed her a member of the Church.

Friday the 24th. Held a kind of Counsel meeting. In the afternoon Brother Marion Shelton, and John Roberts, Brother G. W. Chick and his wife Ann Chick renewed their covenants by baptism. We also baptized and confirmed Francis A. Katerine Roberts.

Saturday the 25th. Brother Dramm harnessed his mules to Brother Sparke's wagon and brought us ten miles on our way to Stang Point. He then paid a Mr. Mills $1.00 to fetch us as far as Santa Rosa, which left us but 10 miles to walk. We arrived at Brother Shelton's at 3:00 p.m.

Sunday the 26th. Brother Boyle instructed me to go over to Brother Boyd Steward, a distance of 6 miles, and get the people together for meeting, and he would go to Petaluma and get his letters and be back by 2 or 3 o'clock. On my way I called at Mr. Higginson's to see a Mrs. Martin, another Apostate. She is President Silas Smith's sister (now in the Sandwich Islands). I had quite a long talk with her. I do not think I would be afraid to prophesy that she will yet be glad to do right and gather up. She felt glad to see me and requested me to call again, etc. etc.

Brother Boyd went with me to stir the folks up to come to meeting. I waited until about 3 and then opened meeting myself and preached on the first principles, faith, etc. Brother Boyle arrived just in time to dismiss the meeting.

Monday the 27th. Walked to Petaluma. On our way we called at Mr. Mayfield's and got dinner from an apostate sister. We got into Petaluma about 3 o'clock p.m. Tried to get up a meeting but did not succeed. We stayed all night at Mr. Lotson's.

Tuesday the 28th. We walked to Napa, a distance of 35 miles. Previous to starting, however, Mrs. Lotson put up some lunch for us and gave us some nuts to eat on the road. The Lord bless them for their kindness. Stopped at Mr. Mount's.

Wednesday the 29th. We made out a quantity of hand bills and stuck them all over town informing the public that we would preach this evening at the courthouse. I might add that through the kindness of the Sheriff, Mr. Sparkes, we were permitted to hold meeting in the above mentioned house About 50 attended. Brother Boyle spoke first, I followed. The people paid good attention.

Thursday, April 30. Before starting this morning Mr. Mount gave us $1.00 each, besides lunch to eat on the road, for when we started we intended to walk to buckeye, a distance of forty miles, but Brother Boyle thought it would not be wisdom. We walked as far as Wilson's, 20 miles. Stayed all night.

Next morning, Friday May 1st. We walked to the Kutah River, 14 miles, where we met John and Moses Thatcher with horses. After bathing we mounted and rode the rest of the way. Just before we reached our destination we had a race, and my saddle, not being girded on tight, slipped over on one side, consequently I fell off, or rather let myself down. I escaped unhurt. We found the brethren and sisters all well and glad to see us. It was not long, in spite of my bashfulness before I felt quite at home. In the afternoon Brothers Cannon, Sherman, Steward, Higgins, and others arrived. We truly rejoiced together. On Saturday we held three meetings, received very much valuable instructions from Brother Cannon and others.

The weather is very warm. The country is parched up for want of rain. This season is so dry it is thought that most of the grain in this district will fail.

Monday, May 3rd. Buckeye Branch held three meetings, one a good testimony meeting. The evening meeting was kept up until half past 12 o'clock. The Saints feel better than I have witnessed for some time past. I really feel to love the Saints at Buckeye, and elsewhere, and may the Lord bless the. Most of the Saints here are anxious to gather up to Zion.

Monday, May 4th. Twelve of us rode down to Sacramento City, through the kindness of Brothers Preston and Joseph Thatcher. In the afternoon President Cannon

accompanied with the Elder from Oregon and Brother Sherman started for San Francisco. Brother Clem and I stayed all night with brother Joseph Thatcher at a boarding house. He paid for our board and lodging. We then walked to Alder Creek, a distance of 20 miles. Went round amongst the people, told them who and what we were. Captain Hammond said he would give us a room and lights. He immediately set to work with his man, carried seats to the house, cleaned out nicely, furnished me with paper, pen and ink, etc.

I wrote out some notices. About sixty attended, paid good attention till I had done. Clem bore his testimony. Then a white headed old sinner, formerly a Methodist Preacher got up and said he wanted to ask a few questions. He asked me if I knew what the meaning of repentance was, and at what time the Kingdom of God was to be established. He then said that I had pretended to preach Mormonism but I had not done it. He said he knew more about Joseph Smith and Mormonism than I did. Instead of me teaching them he could teach me, and then began telling what a good man he was. He did not swear or lie except in a joke to make fun, and I got up and told them that we understood repentance to simply mean a man turning away from his sins, etc., and forsaking them. And as to the Kingdom of God, if they would read their bibles they would see plainly many prophesies pertaining to the last days. For instance, Daniel, Isaiah, etc. Finally one got talking and another laughing, some shouting, some for us and the more part against us. The meeting broke up in disorder. However before leaving the house the old man said he would send twenty men up into the mountains to cut poles to fence in the cattle, or else (we were so green) the cattle would by mistake eat us up.

Wednesday, May 6th. Walked to Salmon Falls, 12 miles, put up at Brother Orr's hotel. Found them all well. After dinner we went to see Sister Allred. Found her little daughter sick almost to death. At her request we administered to her in the name of the Lord Jesus, etc. I feel to pray our Heavenly Father to bless and heal the child. Sister Allred is a good woman and I feel that the Lord will have compassion on her and grant her the desires of her heart in righteousness, Amen.

Thursday, May 7th, Salmon Falls. We succeeded in getting the schoolhouse to preach in, accordingly to that effect we stuck notices up all over the place. About 30 persons attended. Clem spoke first and preached his maiden sermon, after which I spoke on the Kingdom of God. The people paid good attention. Sister Allred's child is still very sick. We have administered to it twice today. Every time we lay hands on it, it gets better but there are so many unbelieving spirits around here saying: "Oh dear, the poor dear child will surely die." The Doctor has given it up, and there is no hope and there is no hope, etc. I felt like telling them to all go out of the house and not come back again till the child was well. There is a principle in this that has just come to my mind. On a certain occasion Jesus Christ, when he was sent for first of all put them out of the room and then he healed the child. I wrote to Elder W. Cooke.

Friday, May 8th, Pleasant Hill. The Sisters Orr washed our shirts yesterday, and we waited till they were ironed. We then bade them farewell. Called at Sister Allred's. Administered again to the child. I am happy to say that it looks much better this morning. I have felt like humbling myself before the Lord. All the time I felt like telling Mr. and Sister Allred the Lord would have pity on them in as much as they would obey his commandments. We bade them farewell and started for Brother Lunceford's where we arrived at about 2 o'clock.

Found them all well and glad to see us. To tell the truth I feel quite at home. We had not been here long before Sister Johnston (an English sister) came to see us. She really felt overjoyed. We had quite a comfortable chat. In the evening we went down to Brother Raihles. He is gone to town. Saw Sister Raihles, formerly Miss Lunceford. At her request we laid hands on her little boy (just two weeks old) who is quite sick.

Saturday, May 9th, at Pleasant Hill. We went two miles to French Town. Got liberty to preach in the Schoolhouse. Appointed a meeting tomorrow morning at half past ten a.m. I wrote out some notices to that effect and stuck them up here and there from Shingle Springs to French Creek. The weather is cooler.

Sunday, May 10th, Pleasant Hill. We have held three meetings today; one at French Creek according to appointment, one at Pleasant Hill and in the evening at Pleasant Grove. The Saints here feel well as a general thing. I feel to rejoice that the Lord has been with us and blessed us with His Spirit. To Him be the glory, Amen.

Monday. It rained this morning. We have been assisting Brother Raihles fix his wagon as they are going to start for San Bernardino next Thursday. Brother and Sister Johnston will accompany them, they will number, counting children and all, eight persons. I wrote to Brother Aaron Thatcher and Elder Boyle in the evening. I baptized and confirmed Brother William Johnston. He is one of the Battalion boys. He got up in meeting last night and confessed his faults and expressed a desire to live his religion. I will observe that I spoke very pointedly on renewing our covenants, etc. Clem and I laid hands on Sister Lunceford. She is better.

Tuesday, Wall Diggings, May 12th. After breakfast we laid hands on Sister Johnston at her request as she was sick. She got up and went right to work. We bade them all farewell and after a walk of 14 miles reached this place. Found Mr. Outhouse and family well. Although he is an apostate he is friendly to the Mormons. After resting a while we walked about one mile and a half back to Wall City where we enjoyed a room. I wrote out and stuck up notices, much to the derision of the bystanders. We then went to a retired place and called on our Father to aid and assist us to get up in His Power and tell men the truth. A Mr. Goodenough got us a room. Mr. James Smith (they are both apostates) furnished lights. We had quite a large congregation. Clem spoke first, very fine and with spirit. I followed, etc. The people behaved well.

After meeting a Mrs. Bell, formerly a Mormon, came forward and shook hands with us. She commenced telling us how sorry she was for leaving the valley. I told her that she was not the only one that, Jonah like, had tried to run away from the Lord, and that they would be glad this day if they were back again. Although it was 10 o'clock and dark, we walked back to Mr. Outhouse's. All in bed.

Wednesday, Michigan Bar. We reached here about 3 o'clock p.m., introduced ourselves to Mr. Lacklunt Tale Kenper. He is a kind of a Jack Mormon. He treated us very gentlemanly. I engaged Mr. Gray's Hall, as usual stuck up notices to the effect that we would hold meeting at early candlelight. From eighty to one hundred attended. I understand they tried to get a Methodist on the floor to oppose us but he declined. The meeting passed off quiet and peaceable. I spoke on the Kingdom of God and the kingdom of men.

Thursday, Drummersville, May 14th. We arrived at this place about 11 a.m. Found Sister Simmons well and glad to see us. Sister Panel is sickly. I appointed a meeting and went around and told the miners, etc. We had quite a good meeting in the evening. Clem spoke first and I followed, etc.

Friday, Willow Springs, May 15th. After a walk of seven miles, we arrived here and put up at Brother Thomas Hindley's. In the evening we held meeting. Brother and Sister Rily live here. We are trying to sell off their stock to gather to San Bernardino.

Saturday, Dry Town, May 16th. Walked to Dry Town and put up at Brother Plunket's. We found them all well and glad to see us.

Sunday, Dry Town, May 17th. Held three meetings and organized a Branch consisting of nine members, to be called the Dry Town Branch. Also that Brother Thomas Hindley preside, and Brother John Carter set as Clerk. The best kind of spirit prevailed. I preached on the Book of Mormon, etc.

Monday, Dry Town, Amader Co., May 18th. I wrote to Brother Cannon. Held meeting this afternoon. All the Brothers and Sisters bore testimony to the truth of Mormonism. Sister Plunket had the Spirit of Prophecy. She said that the Lord would bless us on our mission, that he would open up a way before us that we should overcome all difficulties, etc. We anointed and laid hands on Brother John Carter for his eyes are very sore, in fact he is not able to work. He has been to the Doctors but they have done more harm than good.

Tuesday, Cedar Ravine, Hang Town, May 19th. After a walk of 25 miles we arrived at Brother Bird's. Found them all well. I had not seen them for over two years. They are anxious to gather to the valley but have not got the means.

Wednesday the 20th. I hunted all over town and at last after great difficulty I succeeded in getting a small Chapel. Pursuant to appointment we met in the evening but only seven persons attended, however, Clem preached and I followed. I have been quite sick all day.

Thursday, May 21st. We spent the day at Brother Herrick's. Had a bath in the canal. I feel better this evening.

May 22nd, Union Town. We arrived here about 3 o'clock p.m. Found Sister Plumtree well and glad to see us. After dinner we got liberty to preach in the Baptist Chapel. According to appointment we met at early candlelight. Bye and bye some people had run off with the bell, however, I went to town and borrowed one. We had the chapel well filled. Some of them tried to make a row and disturb the meeting by strongly calling out, "We believe." etc.

Saturday, May 23rd. Sister Plumtree gave us $8.25 to buy some clothes. I will here state that Brother Hindley gave us $1.50, Brother Plunkett $2.50, Brother Taylor at Hang Town $2.00. We bought a pair of pants and a vest each, etc. Sister Lunceford, before we left, gave us a pocket handkerchief, each a shirt, and Sister Plunkett gave me two new undershirts and Clem a new hat. We secured the Courthouse and appointed a meeting at 2 o'clock p.m. tomorrow. We are staying with Mr. Peter Wimmer Colman.

Sunday, May 24th. I saw the Standard this morning and understand through a letter written by Elder Boyle that Brothers John and Aaron Thatcher would start on the 18th for Salmon Falls. Consequently, as soon as meeting was over we started for the above mentioned place. I would say, however, when meeting was over, Mr. Davis wanted us in to his confectionary shop to eat some pies, etc., after which we went back to Union. Called at Mrs. Plumtree's and bade her farewell, and at sundown we reached this place, White Oak Springs. After supper we held meeting and on Monday we proceeded on to Salmon Falls and when we arrived here the Brethren had started for the place we left last, Sister Heckies. However, they came back again about 3 o'clock p.m. We had quite a time of rejoicing together. As it was very warm we all four went to bathe, etc.

We received an epistle from Brother Sherman which I answered. He states that he will not be able to come here for some time and perhaps Brother M. Wilkie will be appointed to preside in his place, etc.

Tuesday, May 26th, Pleasant Hill. Brother John and Clem started for Whiskey Bar in good spirits, and after dinner we left for Salmon Falls. We left Salmon Falls and arrived here at sundown and now I am at home again. All the folks feel well and healthy I had almost forgotten to state Sister Allred's little girl died on the tenth inst. We tried to comfort her during our stay.

May 27th, Deer Creek. After a walk of 8 or 9 miles we arrived here at Brother Niswanger's. He had a large family. They treated us kindly. He is going to sell off and go to San Bernardino this season. Next morning I had a long conversation with him about the Sandwich Islands. Afterward we walked to Brother Mill's. Found him and his family well. We held meeting in the evening. We found some Welch Saints. After

meeting we sat up singing, etc. This is Clem's eighteenth birthday. My prayer is that he may prove faithful and see many happy returns of the same. Brother George Kemp gave us one dollar.

May 29th, Friday. We appointed a meeting for Monday evening and then walked back to Brother Lunceford's across the county, etc.

Saturday, May 30th, Pleasant Hill. We went over to French Town. Appointed a meeting for Sunday, 3:00 p.m. in the school house. I have felt a kind of low spirit this last day or two. I seem to be tired in both mind and body. I feel there is a great responsibility resting on me, and I feel to realize it more every day. It makes me feel my own nothingness and I feel like putting my trust in the Lord at all times. I feel much better this evening, etc.

Sunday, May 31st. Held two meetings. One at French Creek and one in the evening at Father Lunceford's. We had a good time. On Monday, June 1st, we went to White Rock Springs but owing to so few coming together at their request we postponed the meeting, etc. But such an evening I never wish to spend again as long as I live. Understand these had not renewed their covenants, they talked about Brother Brigham, the twelve, etc., concerning the evil that existed there. One of them said if he met a certain Brother, calling him byname that he would put his knife into him. To speak plain I never want to be in a greater Hell than to be with such characters.

Tuesday, June 2nd. We went to Prairie City. Saw Brother Rutherford. Stayed an hour or so and then walked to Well's diggings. Ate dinner at Sister Bell's. Held meeting in the evening. Quite a number attended. Mr. Outhouse came over and after meeting we returned with him and stayed all night.

Next day, Wednesday, June 3rd, we went and visited with Mr. Pallick on the Casamos River. He told us to make ourselves comfortable but not to mention anything about Mormonism.

Thursday, June 4th. We went to Michigan Bar. Preached in the schoolhouse in the evening to quite a large and attentive audience.

Next morning, June 5th. Went to Drummondville and as they could not keep us after dinner we walked to William Roring's. Found the Brethren well. Sunday we held four meetings. Organized a company to gather by way of San Bernardino. Eleven in number, namely Brother and Sister Royle and their boy, Brother Stanes and five sons, John Carter and L. Ball. I felt to talk plain to the Brothers and Sisters. They made a collection for us. Brother Stanes gave us $10.00, Brother Royle $5.00, Brother Plunkett $5.00, Brother Hindley $5.00, Brother Ball $2.50, Brother Carter $1.00. Monday I gave $15.00 for a coat, $6.00 for boots and shirts, and on Tuesday we walked to Volcane.

After a great deal of difficulty obtained a Baptist Chapel. About a hundred turned out to hear us but when I got through speaking Brother Aaron began but they would not hear him and the meeting broke up in an uproar.

We spent all but 50¢ for supper and bed, and next morning we started to Jackson Mines. Ate breakfast, passed through Acquaduct City, found it almost deserted. We ate dinner at the Pinecrane House after which we walked to Jackson City. Walked all over the town but could get no place to preach in. Consequently we bought 50¢ worth of bread and sausage and slept out in the mountains all night.

Next day, Thursday; set out to Dry Town. Ate dinner, then we went to Willow Springs. The brethren had all started for the South, however, we pulled out the staple with a pick, then opened the other door from the inside and then replaced the staple and lock as before. We then looked around and hunted up some flour and butter, etc., accordingly, while Aaron made a fire, I made some biscuits. However, shortly after breaking in a man came down to see who had broke into the house. We preached Mormonism to him and on the following Sunday, June 14th, we baptized him and confirmed him, etc. We held two meetings.

Monday, June 15th. We walked to Med. Springs. Got liberty to preach in the school house, however, in the evening we lighted up the place and rang the bell to no purpose. Two miserable cusses of apostates came out. Only at their request we returned home with them. They talked about how good they were. Also talked about the brethren of the Church, saying that Mormonism was true, and when the Church first started it was pure but now the head of the Church was like a man with a long stick and as long as they stirred up the mud the stream would be impure. However, they were so good that (although we had had no supper) they neither asked us to eat or stay all night, leaving us to shift for ourselves, etc.

Tuesday the 16th. We walked to Jeany Town where we stayed until Friday. We did considerable fireside preaching but could not get a public place to preach in.

On Friday the 19th, came back to Diamond Springs. Got liberty to preach in Temperance Union Hall, but in the evening one of the trustees came up full of the spirit of the devil and as good as drove us out. Accordingly we left the city and slept under a bush all night. My mind was comforted very much by dreams.

In the morning I was so stiff owing to the intense cold that Aaron had to massage me, after which we walked to Pleasant Hill. Found all well. In the evening Brother Walker arrived from Salmon Falls. Stated that Clem and John were there. Sunday we preached at French Town at 3:00 p.m., and in the evening at Father Lunceford's.

Friday, July 3rd. Brother Aaron Thatcher and I have just returned from a trip to Stockton where we have been to see the brethren and sisters off over the mountains. While there we preached twice. The people paid good attention. We found the following Brothers and Sisters: Brother John Abbott, brother Williams and Wife, Sister Roach and Sister Scott. They were all glad to see us. We met Brother Theodore Curtis and family, Sister King and four children, etc. The brethren from Yolo County intended going the Harry James route. It was in serious condition. Consequently, Brother Curtis had to start

alone by way of the Big Tree Route. He left some of his luggage in order to take Sister King. I feel to ask the Lord to bless him for so doing. I will add that he kept us near all the time we were at Stockton.

President Cannon arrived on the second of July. I was truly rejoiced to see him. He gave us instructions to confine our labors here and not kill ourselves traveling all over the country. He told us if we though we could catch up with the company he would like us to do so in order to ascertain whether Brother Thatcher could take Sister King from Carson Valley* on to Utah.

Accordingly we started about 8 o'clock pm. and walked 40 miles, then laid down on the open Prairie till dawn. Next morning called at Mr. Lockhart's. Had breakfast and then pursued our journey to this place where we arrived about two a.m. Walked 60 miles in 25 hours. We found Brother Boyle and all of the folks from Yolo County. Brother Thatcher and family, Brother Anderson and family, and Brother Daugherty O. Harmon, G. W. Rogers, etc., numbering twelve in all. They were all glad to see us. I was so glad that I forgot all about being tired. Our feet were very much blistered, so much so that I could scarcely get about when I got cool. I realize that it is a treat to get among such good Saints that composed this company. To tell the truth, they are not often met with in the country. We held meeting in the Mormon Camp at 3:00 p.m. Most of the Brethren spoke their feelings, myself among the number. We also met in the evening at Father Lunceford's. The Saints feel good. We have slept out of doors the last 10 or 12 days lately and I begin to feel the effects of the same. The Saints all tell me I look pale and thin. I weighed when I was in Stockton and instead of weighing 152 lbs I lack 20 of it. The most I could go, walking stick and all, was 132 lbs. Brother Thatcher agreed to take Sister King and family on from Carson Valley.

Saturday, July 4th. One of Brother Thatcher's best mares, worth $300.00, broke her leg, or rather a horse kicked her. We have been trying all day to fix her. Dr. Anderson splinted and bandaged her leg twice and she kicked it off.

Sunday, July 5th. We have held three meetings. One in the morning at French Town, one at the camp at 3:00 p.m. and one in the evening at Father Lunceford's. I have not spent a happier day for sometime. I feel that the Lord is blessing us. It does my heart good to have brother Clement do well. He is a good boy, in fact all of the young Elders are improving.

Monday, July 6th. Spent the most of the day trying to fix the mare. The company started about 8 o'clock a.m. It really was a great trial to part but I hope we will all meet very soon in Zion. I for one feel strengthened to go forth and do my duty and stay on this mission as long as they want me. As far as that goes I feel to say the will of the Lord be done. We preached at French Town in the evening. After meeting the folks kept us up till a late hour talking about Mormonism. We stayed all night at Mr. Watson's. They do not belong to the Church but are friendly. He told me we could preach there as often as we liked.

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* Carson Valley: is this Carson City in Nevada?

If so, it's east northeast from San Francisco, over the Sierra Nevada mountain range

J.H.

Tuesday, July 7th. I have been very sick all day and although I was very bad we went to French Creek and preached at Mr. Watkin's house to quite a large room full. He also gave us the privilege of preaching there as often as we liked. After the meeting was over I asked the congregation if they wanted to ask any questions, we would answer them with pleasure. A young man, James Burgman, said he had a very important question to ask. That was, would we go home with him and stay all night. We soon settle that by bidding all good evening and accompanied him to his miners cabin, and I enjoyed a good night's rest.

Wednesday a.m. After breakfast we returned to Brother Lunceford's and I spent most of the day in bed, but in the evening I got better.

Thursday we went to Buckeye and we got liberty to preach in the schoolhouse. We lighted it up but we waited in vain for the people to turn out. Accordingly, about one half past 8:00 pm. we blew out the candle and walked home again to Brother Lunceford's

Friday evening, July 10th. We preached to quite a room full. After meeting they kept us up as usual asking questions till a late hour.

Saturday, July 11th. We gave out appointments to preach on the Book of Mormon, etc. Sunday the 12th we held two meetings. In the evening I baptized a Mr. Barnes, Edward Barns, a new member. We had a kind of a social meeting in the evening at which time we confirmed him a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, etc. We had a good time.

I was introduced to Mr. Bigler. He left Salt Lake in '53. Has been trying to make money. He is a wiser man than when he first came here. So much for California. This is the testimony of all of the Saints that have left Utah. When they reach here they find that it is not all gold that glitters. There are quite a few in French Town inquiring into the truth of Mormonism. I am in hopes that ere long we will be able to organize a branch in this place.

Monday, July 13th. I wrote to Brother G. Q. Cannon and W. H. Sherman, etc. I forgot to write yesterday that we sold 3 pamphlets on polygamy. A Mr. John Clinton subscribed $5.00 for the Standard, paying one year in advance. Brother Barns and Brother Todd ordered two Books of Mormon, Key to Theology, and one Doctrine and Covenants. I wrote to Brother Cannon to send them up in the afternoon. After waiting in the rain to hear some tidings of Brother Wilkie, we walked eight miles to Mr. Nisewanger's. Found him just packed up ready to start in the morning for Carson Valley to trade dry goods, etc. While here I had an opportunity of reading a Missouri Republican. It gives an awful account about the Mormons, Brother Pratt, etc.

Tuesday, July 14th a.m. We walked to White Rock Springs. Saw brother George Kemp. After resting a while we walked on to Sister Mills. Found her and the children well. He had gone to Folsom and did not get back till evening. Brother David Thorne came over and stayed all of the afternoon. He says he wishes he had never left the valley like a good many more, etc. Brother Wilkie came to see us and took us to the hotel.

Gave us a good be, etc. When I baptized Brother Edward Barns on Sunday I did not change my clothes and now I am suffering severely from a bad cold.

Wednesday, July 15th, Wall Diggings. Walked to Sister Bell's and found her sick. At her request she renewed her covenants. I baptized her in Carson Creek. We reconfirmed her a member of the Church and preached in the evening. Very few attended. Went home with Mr. Outhouse. He said that he had got to believe that there was neither God nor Devil nor a hereafter. Yet he said he knew if there was anything true it was Mormonism. He liked the Mormons better than any other people, and enjoyed himself in their society. Said if he only knew whether it was what it professed to be nothing would prevent him from living and dying a Mormon, etc. I told him if that was all he wanted he was to renew his covenant, live faithful and he could know for himself, etc.

Thursday, July 16th, Willow Springs. When we arrived at Brother Thomas Hindley's we found him selling out in order to start immediately for San Bernardino in route to Utah.

Friday the 17th, p.m. Walked to Dry Town. Found the Brethren and sisters well. Held meeting in the evening in the Chapel. The people turned out well. Brother Griffins spoke first. I followed and spoke freely, etc.

Saturday the 18th. I rebaptized Brother Robert Plunkett Jr. and reconfirmed him a member, etc. Sister Plunett gave us $2.50. The Lord will bless her. She also sent money to Brother Cannon. Brother Thomas Hindley started for San Bernardino this morning. Walked to Grissley Flats, a distance of 35 miles. Stayed at Hang Town Company's Camp where we found Brother Griffins wife. They have been living separate from each other for near a year. We tried in vain to make peace between them, she stating that she could not place any dependence upon him, he having deceived her so often. Also that he used to get down and abuse her, etc. I have heard both sides of the question and I believe there are faults on both sides, about six of one and half a dozen of the other.

Sunday we got liberty to preach in the City Hall. Appointment to preach at 2:00 p.m. Had a few turn out and at their request postponed it until evening. We went and heard the Reverend Mr. French preach on "Let Us Work While It Is Day, For The Night Cometh When No Man Worketh." I could not get an idea. I would like to know what good it does when men cannot learn anything pertaining to salvation. We had a crowded house in the evening, in fact there were numbers that could not obtain seats. After I had got through speaking they clapped their hands and stomped their feet, however, we got them quiet so as to dismiss the meeting. A Mr. Bang, who knew Brother Aaron at Salmon Falls, gave us $3.50 to pay for our supper and bed. He was the only one who offered to assist.

Monday, July 20th. Walked to Cedar Ravine to Brother Henrick's. We walked about 30 miles passing through Pleasant Valley, New Town, Fort Jim, etc. Our feet are very much blistered.

Tuesday, July 21st. Found Brother Ricks family all well. We preached in the public streets. We commenced by singing, "Come Let Us Anew." The crowd began coming together. Brother Thatcher opened meeting with prayer. I then mounted a box placed there for that purpose and boldly and freely preached on the first principles of the Gospel. After preaching for near an hour the people ;made such a noise that I was obliged to desist. Not long after I commenced speaking, some person threw a stone hard at my head. They threw it a little too high for it struck a cloth over my head which took its force. They also threw some mush melons or squash and struck me on the back of my head, but it did not hurt me. I can truly say I knew no fear, I really felt well. Brother A. Thatcher got up and spoke with power but they would not let him continue longer than five minutes. The meeting then broke up in an uproar. Brother Taylor then gave us $2.50 to give Sister Bird to help keep us as they were poor.

Wednesday, July 22nd. Preached to quite a respectable audience, also visited Mr. William Cooke Jr. He was out of work. Stayed with Brother Hendry till Friday, 24th, then walked to French Town. Held meeting.

Sunday. Last night I baptized Brother John Clinton, also held meeting Held two meetings today at French Town and in the evening at Father Lunceford's.

Monday evening. Preached at French Creek. I almost forgot to state that Brother Farrers arrived from San Francisco on Saturday. He left Utah on the 17th of May. He is going back to the Gold Mines.

Friday. We have just returned from a trip to Union Town and Calama. Preached last night at French Town. After meeting had quite a long argument with a Methodist.

Saturday, August 1st. brother Aaron and I walked to Salmon Falls where we arrived between 10 and 11 a.m. Met with President George Q. Cannon and brother W. H. Shearman, my own brother Clem and others. Clem was sick with a bad cold, but all felt well. I can truly say that I rejoiced once more to see and meet with the Brethren. Father and Mother and Sarah Lunceford came over in their wagon with a number of others from different parts of the Gold Mines. We continued conference until Monday evening. The people began to get quite hostile. Brother Cannon said if we kept conference on a day or two longer we might get mobbed out. We received many valuable teachings from Brothers Cannon and Shearman. We had a good time. To tell the truth I was sorry when conference adjourned. The Brothers and Sisters Orr and Allred treated us very kindly and hospitably.

A meeting was appointed at Father Lunceford's on the following Sunday and I was appointed to go around to White Rock Springs, Prairie City, Wall Diggings, Deer

Creek, etc., to inform the Saints. I would state that the business that was done at conference was intended to get the Saints together, warm them up and lay before them the necessity to buy a Printing Press to send to the Sandwich Islands. The various Elders gave in their reports in regard to the work in our respective fields of labor, the sum substance of which was that opposition was on the increase, that the work was slowly and steadily increasing. According to my report we had baptized 10 new members and rebaptized four old members, and others that are inquiring into the truth, that our field was too large, etc. I am thankful to say that both Brother Cannon and brother Shearman were highly pleased with us boys.

Tuesday. Most of the brethren left for their different fields of labor. brothers Cannon and Shearman started for Union Town and on Wednesday, although I had two or three attacks of cold chills, I started on my mission. It was with extreme difficulty that I reached Brother Miller's. As soon as I got there I went to bed. Next morning I went around to Prairie City and on to Wall's Diggings, stopped at Mr. Joseph Outhouse's where I went to bed as soon as I arrived. I continued to get worse. They were very kind to me and did all they could to make me comfortable.

Next day, August 7th, Friday. Pursued my journey (the sun was perfectly scorching). Called at Nisewanger's. He gave me an orange which revived me much. I have not had such a hard time to travel since I have been on this mission. However, I managed to reach Father Lunceford's almost unconscious. I was in a very high fever. It was not long before I was again in bed. The family were as much concerned as if I had been a member of the family.

Next day, Saturday, August 8th. Brothers George Q. Cannon, Shearman, A. Thatcher, and Farrer arrived. On Sunday the 9th, soon after meeting commenced, a large fire broke out (owing to the carelessness of the Indians) at the other end of Father Lunceford's ranch. Closed the meeting and all the Brethren went to try to save the fence. Quite a number turned out to meeting. Met again in the afternoon and evening. Received much valuable instruction from President Cannon and Brother Shearman. Some of the Brethren contributed very liberally to the Hawaiian Press, the Hall in San Francisco, etc. I am still very weak and sick and no appetite.

Monday the 10th. Except for Brother Farrer's, all of the brethren left for Salmon Falls. On Tuesday I grew worse. I got Brother Farrers to administer to me and afterwards he and Brother Barnes laid hands on me. All pain left me immediately and from that time have kept getting better.

On Friday evening, August 14th, Brother Samuel Lunceford arrived from Utah. He has come to assist the folks over the plains as Father Lunceford is feeble, and in fact almost helpless.

Saturday evening. Brother W. R. McLean arrived from Carson Valley.

Sunday 16th. Preached twice at French Creek and in the evening at Father Lunceford's. Had a good time. I felt much of the Spirit of talking to the Saints and that in plainness. I do want the Saints to realize the privileges they enjoy.

Monday. I laid by with a stone bruise on my toe. I forgot to state that Brother Aaron arrived last evening. We also collected about $17.00 for the Hawaiian Press. Tuesday, Aaron and I walked to the Salmon falls. Brother Shearman had just left there. In the evening brother Clem and John arrived. Spent the evening very agreeably together.

Wednesday, August 19th. Aaron and I walked to Folsom. Met with brother Shearman according to previous appointment. We preached in the Methodist Chapel. About twenty turned out. After meeting, Brother Shearman stated that we were strangers and had no home, consequently, a gentleman, Mr. Openall took us in. He treated us very kindly. He informed us that he was in great trouble. His wife had left him and was then living in the city with another man.

Thursday, the 20th. Walked to White Rock and held meeting in the evening. Brother Miller got up and confessed his faults.

Friday the 21st. Brother Shearman accompanied Brother and Sister Allred to Stockton* on their way to join the August Company to Utah. We rode in Brother Orr's wagon to Salmon falls. Saturday they gave me a shirt. We walked over hill and dale to Union Town. Called at old father and Mother Wimmer's. In the evening we met with Brothers John and Clem. Tried to hold meetings but the folks there threw rocks and yelled like perfect devils. They told us they had only drunk 15 gallons of loger beer. We had to break up the meeting but not before I had tried to speak to them, but it was useless. It grieved me to see Christians, so called, act in the way they do.

Sunday, 23rd of August, Calama. I preached to a respectable congregation at 10:00 a.m.

In the afternoon we walked 6 or 7 miles to Irish Creek. Found about 12 or 14 Kanakas. They wanted us to hold meeting directly we got there. We complied with them and preached once before and once after supper in their own language. They treated us well, they killed chickens. One of them prayed and thanked the Lord for sending His servants to them.

Monday, August 24th. After breakfast I preached again with much freedom, after which walked to George Town. Got liberty to preach in the Town Hall, but some mischievous person or other fixed the bell so we could not ring it, however, we lighted up the hall and waited some considerable time, but not a soul came. Possibly owing to a large political meeting to be held in the upper part of town. We all four went up just to look on. We heard the most miserable mess of nonsense and slander called speeches by Dr. Poamel and Gipor.

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* Stockton: east of San Francisco J.H.

Tuesday Morning. We, accompanied by John and Clem, walked back to Union Town. Ate dinner at Sister Plumtree's, after which we walked to Calama where Mr. Peter (Puki) Wimmer gave us liberty to eat all of the peaches we could. We then walked to Hang Town. Found Brother Bird and family mostly sick. We also met with Brother Farrer, he was well. Next morning Brother Hendry gave Brother Farrer $10.00 for the press and $1.50 for books. brother Farrer then went on to Father Lunceford's, and we stayed all day with Brother Hendry. I forgot to state before that I received a letter from my youngest sister, Amelia, informing me that she was married to Captain Golts, that she has a son. They are now residing in Tahiti, one of the Society Islands. She is very much opposed to Mormonism. Wants to know how long Clem is to be a slave to those witches (Mormons). I also received a letter from James McKnight from San Bernardino, stating that he has a daughter, is doing and feeling well. I have answered both letters besides writing to Lililehua, a Hawaiian Elder. I would have like to have preached here but there is such an excitement all over the country about the coming election.

Thursday, August 27th, 1857. In the evening we walked to Mr. Kelly's, formerly a Mormon. He was not at home, however, his wife treated us kindly. Spent the evening the same as last, talking on Mormonism, singing, etc.

Friday, August 28th. Started for Dry Town about 6:00 a.m. Called at Mud Springs. No letters for either of us. When we got to Log Town two of the Brethren from French Town caught up to us, namely Brother John Clinton and Thomas R. Ezzal. They had come for counsel. They were desirous of going to Utah in the August Company. I wrote out their certificate and promised to be back if possible to French Town either Saturday night or Sunday. They calculate to start straight over the mounts and meet the Company in Carson Valley. Brother Clinton gave us $1.50 to get our dinner. We then pursued our journey and arrived at Sister Plunketts at Dry Town at about 1:00 p.m. Found them all well and glad to see us. The Democrats held a political meeting in the evening which was disturbed by two fights. One man got his thumb nearly bit off.

Sunday Morning. Borrowed a horse of Mr. W. O. Clark and rode to French Creek. Arrived there about noon. I took the route by Rich Bar. Held meeting at French Town at 3:00 .m. and in the evening at Father Lunceford's. Most of them had been, and some were still sick. Next morning I returned to Dry Town before breakfast. Brother Shearman had not yet arrived.

Brother Barnes wants to get off with the August Company. Brother Cannon ordained him an Elder when he was up and there was some talk of sending him on a mission. He has received letters from the States stating his sister, with whom he entrusted his children is now dead and his brother-in-law has put his children out to board and sent for him to go back. It is the feeling of Aaron and I that he go to Utah this fall.

I spent most of Monday reading and writing. We would have preached but the Republican Party held a meeting. I wrote to Brother Thomas Hindley, and today Tuesday, reports. I wrote to Brother George Q. Cannon and ________. I went over to the graveyard to see the Chinese feed their dead. They spread their dishes and cups over the tops of the grave, fill the plates with port, peaches, etc., fill some cups with tea and the rest with Brandy They then burnt a quantity of paper of all colors, chips of wood and wax candles, after which they sprinkle the tea and brandy over the grave. While the fire was burning they made obeisance to the grave. When they got through they put the food back into their baskets and returned home.

Wednesday, September 2nd. brother Shearman arrived about noon. The reason why he has been detained so long is owing to the Company not reaching Stockton till last Sunday noon. They started on Monday 31st of August in high spirits.

Thursday, September 3rd. Fasted all day. Brother Shearman preached in the Chapel. Very few attended.

Friday, September 4th. Brother Shearman preached again in the evening on the subject, "The Kingdom of God". We don't calculate to preach there again.

Saturday, September 5th. Brother Shearman and I walked to Ione City. Preached in the school house to quite a large and respectable audience. After meeting Brother Shearman told the folks we had nothing to eat since morning and we had no place to stay. They collected $4.50 besides paying for our expense at the Veranda Hotel.

Sunday, walked to Mr. Streeter's, Ione valley. Preached at 3:00 p.m. in the schoolhouse. Stayed all night at Mr. Streeter's and next day, Monday, September 7th, walked back to Dry Town. Sister Plunkett gave me $2.50. Next day Tuesday, we walked to Michigan Bar with Homer Clarke. Preached in the Hall in the evening.

Wednesday, the 9th. Walked to Brother J. Cottam's, stayed all night. Next morning started before breakfast to see Dr. Rutherford. He was gone out. We waited till 12:00 a.m. before he returned. After refreshing the inner man we walked to Rock Springs. Called at Rhodes Diggings, saw Sister Bell and found Brother Jeremiah Thomas very sick. Stayed at Brother Miller's all night. Next morning administered to Brother Thomas, then walked to brother Lunceford's. Called at Nicewanger's and Wagner's. Held meeting in the evening. Met with Elders C. Cottam, A. D. Thatcher, John Thatcher, and Brother William Farrer.

Sunday, 13th September. Preached at French Creek, a.m. After dinner I baptized brother Owen Williamson. He is 63 years old, was born in South Carolina in the year 1795. Held meetings at 3 and 7 p.m. at Father Lunceford's and partook of the Sacrament. brother Shearman has been quite sick but is better. I have fasted all day. I have enjoyed myself very much all day.

I related (in meeting) a vision I had Friday night. The future was opened up to my mind and it appeared to me that I could distinctly hear voices. He was wailing, etc., "Oh that we had done what the servants of the Lord wanted us to do, then we would have been delivered from this day of blackness and despair. O then we would have been in Zion in safety." It appeared to my mind that pestilence, fire and sword and destruction was stalking through the land. I got so horror stricken at what I saw that the vision passed away from me.

Monday, September 14th. Brother Aaron and I walked to Placerville. Stayed all night with Brother Hendry. Next day we traveled all over trying to get subscriptions to the Standard, Hall, etc. Sold one Key to Theology to Brother Hendry for $1.00. He also gave a dollar for the Hall, besides making me a present of a pair of pants, cost $8.00. Walked to Smith's Flats to see Mr. William Cooke Jr., he was out at work and we did not have time to stay. The excitement about the Mormons is on the increase. It is reported that the Mormons have fought a battle with the U.S.A. Troops.* Brother Brigham himself killed six hundred, etc.

Wednesday, September 16th. Walked back to French Town. Preached in the evening. As usual sat up half the night talking on Mormonism.

Thursday, September 17th. Walked to Father Lunceford's and Mother Lunceford put a new lining in my coat. I ripped the lining out of an old pair of pants, washed it clean, and then lined my new ones with it. Brother Farrer arrived from White Rock Springs. Bye the Bye, I got a letter out of the Post Office at Mud Springs yesterday for Father Lunceford. The letter was full of good news written from Provo, Utah Territory.

Friday. Aaron and I walked to Brother Miller's near white Rock Springs. There is quite an excitement about the Mormons. We hear they are all leaving Carson Valley. That all the Elders are called in.

Saturday the 19th. We walked to Salmon Falls. Stayed at Orr's. Next morning early we walked to Brother Cram's near Auburn. Met Clem, John and Brother Shearman. Held meeting in the morning and afternoon. In the evening President Cannon and James Orr arrived and confirmed the news we had previously. Brother Brigham started instantly for Carson valley.

We were sent on a special mission to warn all of the Saints to be ready to gather at a moments warning. Brother Cannon informed us that the troops ordered for Utah were abusing the Handcart Companies, ravaging their women, etc. That 6 or 7 companies had left Utah to meet the Hell Hounds and give them what they justly deserved. My prayer is that the vengeance of the Almighty may speedily overtake them. I cannot express how I feel. My blood runs cold. To tell the truth I hope and pray that if there is any fuss that the Lord will spare my life to gather to Zion, there to be one soul and body to defend the cause of truth. I have hitherto tried to do so and I do not count my life dear to me and if it is necessary I believe I can shoulder my rifle with as good grace as to get up and preach,

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* When the Mormons first came to Utah in 1847 it still belonged to Mexico. A year later, at the end of the Mexican War, it became a territory of the United States, not gaining statehood until 1896. During the Utah War (1857-1858), President James Buchanan sent troops to Utah, along with a new governor. In that "war" there was only one skirmish where gunfire was exchanged, and the only casualties were two horses -- so the news of killings on both sides was only rumor. See appendix for more details. J.H.
and with the self same spirit. Well, we started out the same evening and walked to Brother Braim Cram's, five miles. Brother John accompanied us on his way to Yolo County. Clem and Brother Shearman started for Grass Valley. We walked to Miller's, Thomas's, Joseph Outhouse's, Pollick's, etc. Brother Aaron's cousin paid him $104.00. We then walked to Dry Town to Brother Plunkett's, then to father Lunceford's, then to Placerville to Brother George F. Hendry's, Taylor's, Bird's, then to Calama to Sister Plumtree's then back to Salmon Falls. By Friday noon Brother Aaron was there about given out, was sick all day Saturday. Brother Preston arrived Sunday Evening. Brothers Clem and Shearman arrived next day. brother Aaron went to Yolo with Brother Preston. Brother Shearman went to Union Town, Clem and I went to Michigan bar. Stayed all night at Brother Daney's. He gave us $5.00 and I forgot to state that Brother Hundry gave me $10.00 to buy a rifle. Tuesday came back to Salmon Falls. Wednesday walked to Father Lunceford's. Met Brother Shearman.

Saturday. Brother S. Hendry and I went to Salmon Falls. Bought a span of horses for $300.00 off Brother Orr. brother Hendry paid cash $250.00 and gave a note for $50.00. I have been helping the Lunceford's fix their wagons. I have been carpenter, painter, in fact, Jack of all Trades. We were to have started today, Sunday, October 9th, but there is so much hanging back. However, if all is well we will start tomorrow.

I do not know what the Pharisees around here will think of us Mormon men. Preaching one day and working another. This is Sunday and I have painted a wagon, in fact, worked hard all day. I have been trying all I can to get the folks off. I have received two letters form Brother Shearman informing me that the Company will not start till the 20th of October. I went over to French Town this evening. Mr. Waters (who has been friendly with us) was very much excited. Said if he could sell out he would go by water and meet us at San Bernardino. Quite a mob of fellows got together here drinking and swore vengeance regarding us young Elders. However, we escaped out at the back door. When we got nearly home I fell into a deep hole, escaped injury.

ENROUTE TO UTAH

October 12. At the request of Father Lunceford I commenced a journal of our travels to Great Salt Lake City, via San Bernardino*. About 8 o'clock a.m. we started. Our company was composed of 11 persons as follows: Sister Lunceford, her daughters Emeline, Sarah and Siritta, Samuel Lunceford, Edmund S. Barnes, Charles C. Hurst, F. W. Hurst, Marion Outhouse, George F. Hendry and his Indian Boy, William. (I presume an adopted son.) Three wagons, 11 horses and three large dogs. All seemed in high spirits. Father Lunceford stayed behind in order to sell the ranch. Brother Owen Williamson stayed with him for company.

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* San Bernardino: east of Los Angeles, and about 450 miles southeast of San Francisco

The route from San Bernardino to the Salt Lake Valley heads northeast to Las Vegas, Nevada, passing the south end of Death Valley

J.H.

We traveled as far as the wire bridge on the Casameres (?) River, distance from Pleasant Hill, 22 miles. Here we got one of our horses shod, found plenty of wild grasses, paid 1½ cents per pound for hay. Bought $3.75 worth for the horses. Some very suspicious looking men came into camp, however, we loaded up the guns and pistols and set a watch, half a night each. Clem goes till twelve then I will relieve him. The people are very inquisitive. Some ask if we aren't Mormons, some take us for emigrants from the States.

I had almost forgot to state that previous to starting this morning we sang a hymn, "When Shall We Meet Again", then had prayers; asked our Father's blessings on the journey. Some of the folks think it will be unlucky to start on the 12th and more especially as the moon is on the wane. But I feel that when the Lord commands it is most lucky (as they call it) to obey, whether it be new moon or old.

Tuesday, October 13th. There were some fellows hovering around camp all night. We started at sunrise. Had some little trouble getting some of the horses to start. The sun has been perfectly scorching all day. We forded the Makelumen River at Staples Ferry just before sundown and camped nearby Mr. Carpenter's Ranch. He is an apostate but his wife is still a Mormon. She was very glad to see us. She had been confined of a little boy. One of their little boys was very sick. At her request we consecrated a bottle of oil and administered to him by the laying on of hands. Traveled 30 miles today.

Wednesday, October 14th. After a drive of 12 miles we arrived at Stockton City and camped at Mormon Slough. I spent the rest of the day trying to buy a light wagon for Sister Lunceford. We succeeded better than we anticipated. She not only bought a wagon but one span of horses and harness, etc. for $375 out and out. Mother beat him down $15, bought them of a Mr. James Bohanan. He said Mother was hard to trade with, in fact she regularly Jewed him.

We were all so interested in Mother that Brother Hendry's horses strayed off. We all started out to hunt them but in vain. Finally, just as we were about to retire to rest I heard one of the horses winnow. I answered it as well as I could and presently they both came into camp. This raised our spirits again. For my part I felt truly thankful. I have been troubled with gripeing pains all afternoon.

Thursday, October 15th. Clem and I bought some gunpowder and caps, lead, etc. Clem bought a Yauger, or military gun for $11.00. I also bought and fixed false sides to the new wagon. I also wrote to Father Lunceford and Brother Shearman. Addressed the letter to San Juan. Sent both by express. We started about 11 a.m. We crossed the San Joaquin ferry. They charged $1.50 each team. After traveling about 25 miles we camped near a small lake. Saw plenty of wild duck and geese. Samuel shot at one and missed it. We picketed the horses out as there was a little grass.

Friday, October 16th. After a very wearisome day's march through Livermore's Gap (pass ?) we camped in Livermore Valley. We have traveled full 30 miles today. Grass poor. Could get no hay. Marion and I went to a Spanish ranch and tried to get some corn stalks. He wanted to charge us 50¢ for about 1 dozen stalks, doubtless thinking we had no feed and he had a chance to fleece us, however, we had barley. I told him I would give him 50¢ for as much as I could pack, but oh! no he could not think of such a thing, consequently we did not buy. I am very much fatigued for it was my watch last night and I have walked most of the day. We occasionally take a ride which proves a great help.

Saturday, October 17th. The wolves were howling all night. We started at dawn and traveled 5 or 6 miles, then bought some hay and stopped to feed the horses while the sisters washed. Just as we were ready to start Brother Carlow, four sons and one daughter, and Mr. Michael Wahlen (who intends to join the Church) joined us. We traveled on together, our company increased to five wagons, 15 horses, 18 souls. We now begin to make quite a show, in fact we raise quite an excitement in every little village or town we pass through. We reached San Jose Mission about 12 o'clock a.m. Here we met with quite an adventure.

As we were driving up the street we met several Spaniards on horseback. One of them stopped the train and claimed one of the horses Mother Lunceford bought at Stockton. However, we would not give it up till it had been tried by a magistrate. Consequently we traveled on to San Jose City 15 miles, all together, where we arrived at about sunset. Brother George F. Hendry and myself went to Judge Daniels to try the case. The Claimant, Jose Mario Lesena, brought about 40 witnesses to prove the horse. Two were duly Sworn, namely Peter DePote and Jose Castro. The case seemed to be proved quite clear that the said horse belonged to Jose Mario Lesena. We paid half the cost which amounted to ten dollars. The Judge gave us a certificate and signed. Next morning, Sunday, we went to the clerk of the court and put the seal of the court on it which cost another Dollar. I then wrote to Brother John Abbot of Stockton and enclosed the bill of sale and certificate, giving him power of attorney to receive the money. Brother G. F. Hendry signed Mother's name to it, etc.

We then traveled on about 25 miles. The country we have passed through has been very dry water very scarce. In fact, we had to pay 12½¢ for each span of horses to drink. I have been troubled with a pain in my side most of the day.

We camped on an old ranch and held meeting after supper. I felt like getting the Brothers and Sisters together to talk over a few matters, for some were beginning to harbor hard feelings; and then we had no kind of order, for instance, some would be praying and some singing, talking, etc., and I felt it my duty to talk about it. The Brethren and Sisters all felt well and were willing to do their best in the future.

Monday, October 19th. after traveling about eighteen miles we arrived at San Juan about noon. Camped at the east side of the town at the mouth of a canyon. Plenty of wood and water. Feed is scanty. We have traveled 198 miles since last Monday. On our arrival here we heard various reports concerning a company of twenty wagons being organized at Salina. I went to the office and got a letter I wrote from Stockton addressed to Brother Shearman. We have pushed our horses rather fast thinking or fearing we would be behind, but we soon ascertained that we were first. Some of the company thought I had misunderstood the name of the right place. I pulled a letter out of my pocket to prove that we were right. While doing so, Brother Marion Shelton arrived stating that Brother W. H. Shearman had rode after us, reached here shortly after us, but hearing that we passed through on a brisk trot he despaired of ever catching up. Therefore, put his horse in the stable and walked back five miles to Pathro Ferry (where by the way, we were charged 50¢ each wagon for crossing a small bridge this morning). He also stated that there was a company of six men, namely, W. H. Shearman, William Preston, Marion Shelton, John B. Thatcher, Aaron D. Thatcher, Moses Thatcher, one wagon and six horses, etc. At Brother Shelton's request I saddled a horse and accompanied him back to his company. We met them just west of the town, about two miles from our camp. I tried to pilot them to our camp but owing to my being on horseback and darkness, I missed the right road, however, after some little difficulty we reached camp. We spent the evening very pleasantly talking about the times and reports of the great excitement, etc.

Tuesday, October 20th, San Juan. Remained at camp all day waiting for the company. We have spent the day shooting, fixing up, etc. In the evening we had kind of an organization meeting. Brother John B. Thatcher was chosen Captain, W. H. Shearman - Chaplain, Edward S. Barnes - Sergeant of Guard, F. W. Hurst - Clerk, etc.

Wednesday, October 21st, San Juan. Dispatched Brother M. Shelton to Salinas in search of Brother Boyle. He returned in the evening stating that he heard Brother Boyle was going with Brother Whitlock, etc., in Brother Wandell's Company. However, next morning Thursday, October 22, Elders H. G. Boyle and Ball arrived. We held meeting and reorganized the company. Brother H. G. Boyle was unanimously chose Captain, E. S. Barnes was chosen Sergeant of the Guard, W. H. Shearman - Chaplain, F. W. Hurst - Clerk, etc. So before the company rolled out about noon, I accompanied Elders Boyle, Ball, and Shearman to Salinas. We rode on horseback. They had previously appointed a meeting at Brother Bennett's. after riding about eight miles we called at Brother Styles. Found him about ready to start for Utah. After resting awhile we rode 8 or 9 miles farther to Brother Bennett's. He had gone to the city. We then rode 2 miles farther to Doetis Whitlock's. After supper we held meeting. Most of the brethren and Sisters spoke their feelings regarding the journey to the mountains, living their religion, etc. I can't say that I felt very well as it seemed to me that the Saints felt kind of lukewarm, etc.

Friday, October 23rd. Spent considerable time this morning ferrying the horses over the slough (about 400 yards across). About 9 o'clock we started from Brother Whitlock's. Miss W. and Brother Grace accompanied us to show us the nearest trail across the prairie. after riding about four miles we lost Brother Boyle. We waited, hallowed and Brother Shearman fired his revolver but all to no purpose, for they did not notice when we left the road and they galloped past to try to catch us. However, we found the camp about 12 miles from San Juan. The Brethren and Sisters felt very bad indeed because we did not get here sooner and I felt very bad myself, but not on my account, but on theirs. For I do love to see the Saints exercise patience. I know that traveling is calculated to try our tempers. Again Brother Barnes and I went to buy some hay. It was thought that we did not get enough and then I was charged with being careless. Well the Lord knows my heart. I have tried to help the folks all I could ever since I have been released. In fact, Brother Shearman told met hat I ought to be looking to my own interests, but I feel it to be my interest to help my brethren. I must own that it makes me feel discouraged when I have done all in my power and then to hear it said or hinted. Well I will not say more on the subject, however, I will try and do my best.

I almost forgot to state Brother John B. Thatcher lent Clem and I $80.00 to get us a fit out. I gave Brother Ball $15.00 and he promised to get $20.00 from Brother Cannon and I would return it when we get to San Bernardino. He, Brother Ball is to get $35.00 worth of clothing such as pants, shirts, etc., also an overcoat, packs, mittens, etc.

Saturday, October 24th. This morning we made our final start for Los Angeles. We number 25 souls. Brother Wandell's Company expect to start in about one week. Sister Lunceford traded off one of her colts and $300.00 for one span of mules. Our course is about South. The road being over the Salinas Plains. We camped within 1½ miles of Saledo, close by the River. No feed, but plenty of wood. Paid 3¢ for hay.

Friday, October 25th. Our road has been very rough all day, in fact, some places all hands had to assist. We traveled about 28 or 30 miles. Camped in the _______ Pass. Food scanty and very poor water. After prayers Brother Boyle spoke his feelings as follows:

"Brethren and Sisters, when our Chaplain calls us to prayer let us attend. Whatever we may be doing, whether it be frying meat even, let us attend to our duties. In all my experience, when I was in the Mormon Battalion, those who attended prayers were always prospered. And I can tell you, Brethren and Sisters, that those men are strong in the faith to the present day. Again I want to see everything done in order. When we are traveling on the road let the wagons keep together. Do not cherish hard feelings. If we will do these things I know the Lord will bless us."

Monday, October 26th. Had some trouble starting this morning. I am sorry to say there was some little confusion. What a pity it is that we L. D. S. get out of harmony with each other. For my part I see the necessity of governing myself well. We had not traveled far before we came to a hill, long and steep. Had to hitch on a couple of span of horses to each wagon besides all hands to push behind, block the wheels, etc. This detained us so that we did not travel more than 15 or 18 miles. Brother Boyle shot a fine deer at a distance of 190 yards. We have seen plenty of grizzley bear tracks, and deer all along the road. We have camped near the bed of what has been a large river. Grass a little more plentiful. Had to dig for water. Plenty of wood. Held meeting in the evening.

Tuesday, October 27th. As we started this morning one of the horses reared and charged around and broke the tongue of Mother Lunceford's light wagon. Were detained about an hour longer splicing on a new one. Some of the brethren went on ahead hunting. Shot a fine deer and saw no end of grizzley tracks. We had to travel over hills, some of them very steep. We camped for about two hours at noon in a very pleasant place. Plenty of grass and water. We traveled 5 or 6 miles after dark, or rather by moonlight. Found excellent grass, wood and water. All seemed to rejoice. I really feel grateful for I realize that the hand of the Lord is over us for good.

Wednesday, October 28th. Traveled full 25 miles. Considerably sandy road. In the afternoon we bathed in a warm sulphur spring. Camped near an old Spanish Ranch. Water rather scarce. Wood and grass plenty.

October 29th. Took the horses out early this morning to feed. Passed by an old Spanish Fort. We found an old Indian, only all the intelligence we could get from him was no intend, etc. Arrived in San Luis Obispo* before sundown. Had quite a feast of prickly pears. Paid 2¢ per lb. for hay and barley. Mother sold one of her little mare colts for $10.00. It was with great difficulty that it kept up with the wagons as it was so lame. Friday I made a new tongue for Mother's carriage. I had to pay one dollar for a pole. We laid in over 400 lbs. of barley. Got the mules shod, also one of the horses, $1.00 per shoe.

Started after dinner and traveled 12 miles. Camped within one mile of the seashore. Grass scanty, plenty of wood and water. Found plenty of clams and boiled some for supper. Held meeting in the evening. Some of the brethren and Sisters had feelings against Brother Thatcher. However, Brother N. Carlow made a motion that all that was past should be forgotten. It was carried unanimously.

Saturday, October 31st. The road lay along the sea beach 12 miles. We started early but had to put back on account of the high tide. While waiting for the tide to go down the following persons renewed their covenants: Marion Outhouse, Emaline Lunceford, Sarah Lunceford. And the following for the first time: Nathaniel Carlow, Siritta Lunceford, Caroline Carlow, Michael Wahlan.

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* San Luis Obispo: about halfway between San Francisco and Los Angeles

and about 8 miles from the coast J.H.

After noon we traveled 15 miles, 12 miles along the seashore. The last five miles was over very heavy sand. In the evening we held a Confirmation Meeting.

Sunday, November 1st. Traveled about 25 miles. We are beginning to get into very mountainous country. We camped in a very pleasant place. Plenty of grass, near what is called the All-Saints Ranch. Held prayer meeting around the campfire.

Monday, November 2nd. Traveled 25 miles. Some of the brethren think near 30 miles. The road has been exceedingly rough It was dark when we reached camp. No grass, very little wood, plenty of water.

Tuesday, November 3rd. Road has been rougher than ever. We passed through the Gaviota Pass, Rocky Canyon, etc. Mother's light wagon broke down, one of the hind wheels smashed to atoms. We tied a pole under the box and dragged the wagon into camp. However, it was thought best by all hands to leave and pack the load into the other wagon. Accordingly, next morning, Wednesday November 4th, we all went to work. Took the brake off the old wagon and put it on the new. Also rigged a strengthening tongue. About noon we rolled out. Traveled 16 miles over exceedingly rough roads close by the seashore. Camped in a small ravine, grass scarce, good water. Some of the boys shot some geese. The wind blows very high.

Thursday, November 5th. After traveling 24 miles we arrived at Santa Barbara at about sunset. This is quite a large town. Mostly Spanish. We have had quite a shower of rain this evening. Bought hay at 1½¢ per pound and barley at 2½¢. Still very windy.

Friday, November 6th. Had some blacksmithing done. Brother Carlow and I fixed a pair of springs on the light wagon. In the afternoon we traveled 16 miles. Camped by a small stream of good water, but the place is entirely destitute of grass. The wind blows a perfect hurricane.

Saturday, November 7th. Traveled 25 miles, mostly along by the seashore. Passed through San Buena Vistura. Some of us went to see the Catholic Cathedral. It was pretty tolerably furnished with images of Jesus Christ, the Virgin Mary, etc.

Grass Scarce. We held meeting in the evening. captain Boyle counseled us not to let the people in Los Angeles know what we are, and evasively answer questions which are continually being put to us. He also added those who wished to purchase goods at Los Angeles to make a list in order to push on to San Bernardino as fast as possible. "For," said he, "we know not what is in the future. We may have to make a forced march through the Tahoan (Cajone) pass.

Sunday, November 8th. Traveled 25 miles. Camped on a perfect desert. Not a blade of grass, nor indeed any description of vegetation.

I was very sick all last night, and today I feel as if I had been poisoned. I have suffered dreadfully from griping pains. I thought it best to fast all day. I feel that it has done me good already.

Monday, November 9th. Had good roads all day, traveled 30 miles. Camped near a Spanish Ranch. Bought cornfodder for the horses. a number of us went down to the ranch and spent the evening very agreeably. Had grapes. Two young Spanish ladies and their brother could talk English very well. They seemed to be quite clever folks.

Next day, Tuesday, traveled 24 miles. Camped within two miles of Los Angeles. About 3 o'clock p.m. at Mother Lunceford's request, Brother N. Carlow and I searched all over town for a wagon to price them as she wanted to buy one. Found several from $200.00 to $225.00.

Next day, Wednesday. Sister Lunceford bought one wagon for $225.00. Harness $40.00, etc. I bought off of Brother Mendenarf one revolver # 52034 for $25.00, also one keg of powder weighing 12½ lbs. at $6.50 cwt., also 11½ lbs. lead at $2.00. I did want to buy a pair of shoes but I thought I would get all the ammunition I could. I wish all the Saints would do the same. Next morning early we caused quite an excitement by driving through the city. Breakfasted at Monte, a very small town from Los Angeles. It was after nine o'clock when we camped.

Next day, Friday, November 13th. We arrived in San Bernardino before sundown. Clem and I stayed all night at Brother James McKnight's. They were glad to see us. Found Brother and Sister Johnson living with them. Next morning we went over to Brother Rall's where the Lunceford's were camped. Said they intended to stay till Spring and Clem and I and Brother Barnes were at liberty to look out for another chance to go to Salt Lake. We accordingly took our things down to Father Haliday's old house where Brothers N. Carlow and George F. Hendry were stopping. The Old Gentleman gave them plenty of hay, squash, etc.

Next morning I accompanied Brother Hendry to Sister Lunceford's to get a pair of Harness he lent her. As he had no means to buy provisions he thought he would trade them off, for harnesses of any description were in great demand, for all true hearted Mormons are fixing up to be off and flee to the Mountains. However, when we got there, Sister Lunceford said that George had given the harness to her. Now I can bear witness that he did not, for I myself borrowed them for Mother Lunceford. Again, Brother Hendry had hauled upward of 400 lbs. all the way from Eldorado to Los Angeles free of charge, and then to expect he would give them the set of harness. To say the least of it I think it is a dirty mean trick on the part of Sister Lunceford, for they have plenty of means not only to help themselves, but also to help others. Time will tell how such folks will stand. Brother Hendry was quite disgusted and went off and they kept the harness. If it had been me I know I would have taken them. Next day she sent $2.50 to Brother Hendry, telling him she wanted to do what was right to everybody, and she did not want him to feel bad. That disgusted me more than ever, however, the Lord always provides.

Brother Warren, Church Historian in San Bernardino, told George he wanted to send a stove to Utah, and he would give him 25¢ per lb. for hauling it, etc. Paid him in flour and items from the store such as butter, beans, etc. Brother Hendry told me I could go through with him if I paid my own provisions. Accordingly I went over to Brother Thomas Hendry and asked him for some flour as he had plenty, however, he said he had spent all of his money. Certainly he said, his wife, lately Alice Royle, had plenty of money but did not want to part with it. However, brother McKnight gave me as much cornmeal as I liked to take, and I gave Brother Hendry an overshirt, socks, etc. Clem engaged to drive team through for brother Surrey's. Brother Barnes is gone on with Brother Ralls. I got my things from brother Ball, also a letter and the Standard. I gave Brother Shearman the $20.00 I borrowed from Brother Cannon. I wrote to Brother ball, also to Brother Abbott in answer to a letter I received from him about the horse before spoken of.

Friday. We rolled out alone. Clem expects to start on Monday next. The road is very sandy and rocky. We camped near the mouth of the narrows after dark. About 3 o'clock next morning a large wolf came prowling around the wagon and scared the horses. I drew my revolver to fire but thought I would first wake Brother Hendry, but he got so excited he scared the animal away. We had breakfast over and the horses hitched by daylight.

Drove on about half a mile and found Father Cram's train, three wagons. We drove on to the last water, fed the horses again, by that time Father Cram's train caught up to us and we all drove on together. This certainly is the hardest road I have traveled yet. We arrived at the pass about 3 o'clock p.m. It took us till long after dark before we got all of the wagons over. It seemed impossible for the horses to pull an empty wagon up it is so steep, however, by eight o'clock we reached camp. Lucky for us we found snow on the mountain for the animals would have had to go without water.

Monday. We rolled on down to the Mojave. Before reaching it, however, one of Father Cram's mules gave out. Found 3 wagons camped. Also met with Brothers Keeler and Owens. Here we found plenty of wood, water, grass, etc.

Wednesday, November 25th. We have been waiting here for more strength. Brother Wandeel's Company camped about 300 yards above us night before last. All well. 14 wagons. Last night we had a good meeting. I have been suffering from a severe cold, cough, etc., the last few days.

Thursday, November 26th. Spent the day very agreeably visiting around the various camps. Bye the bye, Mother Lunceford arrived last night. Some of the Sisters practiced shooting with revolvers. Sister Menda Cram and Sister Whitlock proved the best shots. Met with Brothers Silas Smith, Joseph Smith, Joseph E. Pack, Edward

Partridge, they are going along with Brother Wandell's Company. All in good health. I was truly glad to see them. brother Silas showed me a translation of the revelation on polygamy in the Hawaiian language, translated by himself. We had quite a social chat together in Hawaiian.

Friday, November 27th, Mojave. Traveled 20 miles down the river. The two Miss Whitlocks accompanied us about two miles where we got some wild grapes. There is scarcely any feed where we have camped. Wood and water plenty. The wind blows almost a hurricane, in fact it has done these last 3 or 4 days. There has also been several very heavy showers of rain which makes everything around camp unpleasant.

We held meeting this evening. Brother H. G. Boyle, who is here on business, presided over the meeting. He thought it was best to organize before we proceeded farther, though we only number 26 souls; 14 ablebodied men, the rest women and children, 7 wagons, 31 horses and mules. Father Cram was voted in Captain, F. W. Hurst - Chaplain, clerk, etc., Brother Bramar Cram - Sergeant of the Guard. Brother Boyle counseled us to keep united, to assist each other, the wagons to keep close together, etc. He prophesied if we will do right, nothing shall befall either animals or ourselves, but the Lord will bless us.

Saturday, November 28th. Traveled 20 miles. Plenty of grass, wood and water.

Sunday. Stayed in camp all day. Quite a number of us practiced with our revolvers. I had a good bath this afternoon. Brother Boyle and Mr. John Cram rode down to the lower crossing. Found Captain W. B. Presto's Company on the eve of starting out over the desert. they wanted to wait for us but Brother Boyle counseled them to roll out. The Salt Lake mail arrived about 11 o'clock p.m. but they were so close that we got very little information except through the medium of the Deseret News.

Monday, November 30th. Traveled 20 miles to the lower crossing. Feed and wood scarce. We laid in camp till Wednesday, December 2nd, when we moved out across the first desert. We traveled about 20 miles, then camped two hours, then resumed our journey and traveled to the bitter springs. I walked all of the way on foot, 40 miles. The poor animals were very much goaded for the most part of the road has been very heavy sand and rocks. The water here is very bad. WE camped about 10:00 a.m. and after breakfast on Thursday we rolled out again until evening. then camped till moon rise, about 8:00, then pushed on. The road dreadful rocky. We reached the salt springs just after sunrise. We, animals and all were completely tired out. As soon as breakfast was over most of us turned into bed.

We have been blessed with very cool and cloudy weather. I feel thankful to our Heavenly Father for his watch care over us for indeed both us and animals have been greatly blessed so far. This second desert is 50 miles across. certainly as the Book of Mormon declares, the face of the land is defaced. I often think, as I am traveling along,

of the might revolutions that have taken place on this continent. Oh! How I long to see the day when the earth will be renewed and glorified.

Well, on Saturday morning, December 5th, we pursued our journey. The road seems to get worse and worse. It has been so sandy it was with difficulty that the animals got along. We followed Saleratus Creek for some 10 miles. camped till midnight, then pushed on, but the animals were so tired that they stalled in several places. However, after traveling 3 or 4 miles we found fresh water. We camped until about noon.

Sunday, December 6th. In the evening we held meeting. Just before we dismissed a violent storm of wind arose and blew down two tents. came so suddenly and powerful it almost blew the wagons over. There is plenty of grass and water. Monday we drove on to the Resting Springs. Lay in camp till Wednesday. Drove on till near midnight. Camped at Stump Springs. There are quite a number of wagons ahead. The weather is extremely cold mornings and evenings. I feel thankful that it is no worse.

Drove on to Cottonwood Springs. Found 14 wagons camped. I did not like the spirit they manifest. I tried to get up a meeting. They said there was none to take the lead. I inquired, "Have you no Chaplain?"

"No!"

"Well! don't you hold meeting sometime, and have prayer morning and evening?"

They answered, "No."

"Well," said I, "have you no captain?"

I told them we held meetings, had prayers, and the Lord had and was still blessing us. I spent the evening with Brother and Sister Hyatt.

Next day, Saturday, we drove on to the boiling or Sandy Springs. Here we saw the first Indians. They were very friendly. We had to feed about a dozen of them. Next morning some few of us had a bath in the Springs. Strange to relate we could not sink. Stayed in as long as we dared, then walked to Las Vegas. Camped in the fort.

Threatened rain all day. Held meeting in the afternoon. brother Hamlin, Indian Missionary addressed the meeting, followed by Brother Crisman and myself. They left Brother tanner's Company and joined ours. We numbered 9 wagons now.

Monday, December 13th. We rolled out on to the desert and arrived at the Muddy at about 3:00 p.m. December 14, the animals tired out. Here we are almost worried to

death with the Indians. We have to give, give all the time. Some of them danced in the evening. Here we met Brother Letson and Brother Collins, missionaries. Both well and rejoiced to see us. Spent the evening very agreeably singing.

Wednesday, December 15th. We lay in camp all day. Captain Tanner's train, 12 wagons, arrived about 4 o'clock p.m. In the evening we held meeting around the campfire. Quite a number of the Brethren spoke their feelings. Next day we pushed on to the Rio Virgin where we arrived late at night. One of Mother Lunceford's wagons broke down near the top of the hill. Mother Cram had a fall which nearly proved fatal. She is not able to use her left arm. I believe her collarbone is broken.

Friday, December 17th. Fixed up a new axel for Mrs. Lunceford's wagon. The train started on ahead. We did not reach camp until after dark.

Saturday, December 18th. Traveled about 4 miles and had to camp on account of Brother Hendry's horses gave out, (they got alkalized) accordingly, we agreed to leave the wagon, Isaac (an Indian Chief) in charge till we could get to Santa Clara and get horses treated and then return and get the wagon, probably in 3 or 4 weeks.

Next day we traveled on but the animals were weary. The road is very sandy and heavy, however, meeting with sundry adventures with the Indians and other things, we arrived on the Santa Clara* on the 23rd of December, where we found Brother Amasa Lyman, one of the Twelve, with about 30 wagons. He had 18 wagons to assist the emigrants.

Shortly after we arrived Brother Lyman called a meeting and addressed us at some length giving us some excellent instructions relative to the Indians, etc.

On Christmas say Father Cram's family walked down to the fort on the Santa Clara. Mother Lunceford started for Cedar City. Sister Hyatt offered me a chance to get as far as Parowan City*. Brother Hendry felt real bad about it but I was counseled so I embraced the opportunity.

Accordingly we started on the 16th and arrived in Parowan on the 30th. I drove a buggy all the way. We stayed at Pinto Creek, five miles the other side. We met brother John Hyatt with a four horse team to assist his mother in. Got to Cedar City and stayed at Bishop Smith's. Here I saw Brothers Shearman and Barnes.

I found Brother Paul Lunt and wife in Parowan. I knew them in Australia. they are very comfortably situated considering they came in last Spring. I stayed 4 weeks in Parowan and could get no employment.

Brother Wandell very kindly offered to take me through to the big valley. Accordingly on the 29th of January we started. Called at Red Creek. Held meeting.

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* Santa Clara: in the southwest corner of Utah

Parowan: about 75 miles into Utah J.H.

Stayed all night. Next evening we arrived in Beaver City*. Brother Heywood accompanied us as well as Brother Mullford ____ Henery and his daughter. We put in a Brother Roger's where we were treated very hospitably.

Next day, January 30th, Brother Haywood counseled me to stay in Beaver. Consequently, Brother Wandell and I went forth with and selected a Lot each, though he is going to the City to report himself, etc. Brother Hamel offered (if I would live with him for the time being) his Ox team half of the time, and offered to help me get up a log house and fence my lot. I accepted the offer, started on Monday morning. Yoked up the oxen, the first time I ever yoked in my life, and went to the canyon and got a load of wood. Tuesday I did likewise.

Wednesday, February 3rd, I commenced cutting house logs for myself. I cut twelve and then went up farther in the canyon. Two of the Brethren asked me to give them a lift with a very heavy log on to the wagon. When we lifted it over the bolster they let go. I was not strong enough to hold it, consequently, it came down on my left hand, knocked my forefinger, thumb and wrist out of joint, besides bruising my hand and arm dreadfully. As soon as I got my hand out from between the logs I pulled the limbs into joint again and returned home. Sister Hamel very kindly set to work boiling a wild sage poultice and doctored me up the same evening. Brother Harris got nearly killed by a log falling on his head. I believed nothing but the power of the Priesthood restored him. I have been administered to twice. It has done me considerable good. I make out to cut wood with a hand saw so I am not entirely idle.

Yesterday, Saturday, February 6th, I was enrolled in Brother William King's platoon. We drilled all the morning.

Monday, February 15th. Having recovered the use of my hand, though still weak, I started to work logging for the Church to build a grist mill.

Saturday the 20th. I have been logging all of the week. This afternoon I commenced my house. Clement has been cutting logs as he has no other employment.

Monday the 22nd. Clement has gone to live with brother Tyler. I responded to a call to guard work on the road up Beaver Canyon. I took my blankets and slept there and stayed till Friday, February 26th. I returned home and received the following letter from Elder William Cook:

"To Elder F. W. Hurst: I received your letter from Parowan. Since feeling a strong desire to you and Brother Clement, I can find you profitable employment and make you a home in my family. I layed the matter before President Brigham Young. He told me to write for you both to come and take the letter to his office. The following Monday morning (three weeks since) I did so, and he added a few lines. Wishing you both to come, agreeable to my desire. It went per favor of Brother Joseph

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* Beaver: 110 miles into Utah, about 200 miles south of Salt Lake City J.H.

Horn, etc. I also want you to see after some trunks of mine and a parcel containing a large family bible. I spoke to Brother S. Anderson about them. He referred me to brother Cox, late President in San Bernardino. He told me Brother Joseph Hyde had one trunk and parcel in his charge, and that he lived at Parowan." * * *

Next morning I started early and walked to Beaver City, 35 miles. Arrived there about half past one o'clock p.m. I got my feet very much blistered. As Brother Topping was going to the City, and Brother Laney had just started I asked Brother Topping to take my things as far as Fillmore City and I would walk till I caught Brother Lancy who offered to take me and would be glad of my company, but he refused.

There is quite an excitement here in respect to the Indians. One fellow, called Enos, stole three boxes of giant caps from Brother N. H. Cardon. The Bishop, Brother Farnsworth, made him give part of them back. He got mad and went (so I was informed) and killed two cows, one mule, and wounded the Bishop's horse. They had him bound in chains in the schoolhouse.

On Thursday, March 4th, Brother Tews asked to take me along and added, "that is if you find your provisions and agree to walk." Now Brother Tews is a widower, has no family, an almost empty wagon and four horses. Sister Hamel very kindly gave me a loaf of bread and 8 or 10 lbs. of flour. It took us five days to get to Fillmore City.

I went to see Brother William King's folks. They were very kind to me. I wanted to buy some Meat and butter, but they said they did not sell to missionaries. Mrs. King gave me a very nice piece of ham weighing 3 or 4 lbs.

Brother Tews very kindly wanted to take my things out in the street. I told him I had no place to go to and requested him to keep my things till we fell in with some of the wagons. He at last agreed to take them 10 miles farther to Cedar Springs. That evening we camped between Fillmore and Cedar Springs. Not long after we got into camp, Brothers W. Wells and Fortunatus Dustan and their families camped with us. I told them how I was situated. They both very kindly offered to take me. I agreed to go with Brother Dustan as he was going up through the city to Session Settlement. Next morning we started. I drove a one yoke ox team.

Saturday, March 13th. We arrived at Springville. The weather is stormy and has been for some days past. We have passed through Cedar Springs, Salt Creek and Summit Creek, Pete Note, Spanish Fork, where I called and ate dinner at Brother Lunceford's. They were glad to see me.

Sunday, March 20th. I arrived in Great Salt Lake City about half past 10:00 a.m. Too late for morning meetings, but I really felt thankful to my Heavenly Father for his watch care over me in bringing me safe.

I had the great pleasure of spending the morning with Miss Lillian Cook, Elder Cook's daughter. I really do feel as if I had got home. When they came home from meeting I was introduced to Sister Cook, and Brother Thomas Cook, etc. They stated that according to the instructions of President Brigham Young, Council was that we were all to evacuate the city and burn it, saying he knew of a little country in the midst of the desert where our enemies cannot find us.

I went to meeting in the afternoon. Heard Brother George A. Smith, Orson Pratt, and Brother Heber C. Kimball. Partook of the Sacrament. Attended Ward Meetings in the evening. A call was made for volunteers to go to the White Mountains, or elsewhere counseled. We all volunteered, that is Brother Cook and family and Clement and I.

Monday, March 22nd. Attended a social party but did not enjoy myself very much owing chiefly to a severe headache. I was introduced to Miss L. Young, Miss O. Spencer, Miss Green, Georgiana Snow.

Tuesday, Clem killed a pig. We are all very busy preparing to start. We have been making Arrowroot out of potatoes.

Wednesday, March 24th. Got a job chopping wood. In the evening we had a kind of a blessing meeting. Brother Phillip B. Lewis pronounced the following blessing on my head:

"Brother Frederick, I lay my hands on thy head to give you a blessing. The Lord knows the integrity of thy heart and is willing to bless you, for behold thou hast tried to do His will. And in a much as you will continue you will be blessed more abundantly. You shall in due time have a consort or Wife. She shall prove a blessing and an honor to you. Your children shall set round tables like young olives. Thy posterity shall be numerous. Thou shalt have riches and honor heaped upon thee, yea, thou shalt yet go forth to the father's house and convince thy kindred, and lead them to Zion and thousands of others with songs of everlasting joy. You shall live to see Israel gathered from the four quarters of the earth. Thou shalt feed thousands at thy table. Thou shalt have great power, and many of the great men will honor and be glad to follow you wheresoever you will."

This is all I can remember at present.

Thursday, 25th. Mended and fixed ropes to the tent to take it along with us. Friday cut a wheat bin in half. Made a small bin and a box.

Sunday, March 29th. Attended meeting in the tabernacle morning and afternoon. Heard brother Brigham Young for the first time. Attended ward meeting in the evening. I have felt to rejoice all the day long. I realize that it is a very great privilege to listen to the teachings of the Fountainhead, or the first Presidency. Oh how long and anxious I have looked forward to the day when I could see the Prophets, Brigham, Heber, and hear

their voices. I have always felt to love them and try to sustain them, and my heart's desire is, "May God, our Heavenly Father, long spare their lives to rule over this people and bless them."

March 31st. Brother Thomas Cook was called to go out in the mountains to Echo Canyon. I volunteered to go in his place. Accordingly, all things being settled to that effect, I started on Wednesday afternoon in the company with about 2 or 3 hundred men. We moved to the foot of Big Mountain, 15 miles from the city. Camped about 10 o'clock at night. Plenty of snow on the ground and the cold was very severe. Slept in the open air. Our baggage was brought this far in wagons. Next morning we arose early, sat down and ate breakfast and then shouldered our packs as the wagons could proceed no further on account of the snow. We found the snow very deep, some places five and six feet deep. We marched 10 miles and then camped in the Cottonwood Grove.

Next day, Friday, April 2nd. Walked 22 miles. Very heavy storm of snow and a cold wind. Rested a while at the Weber and then pushed on to Echo Camp. Arrived there about 3 o'clock p.m. We were greeted with a loud shout. Some of the brethren were playing ball, others pitching quotes. They all seemed to enjoy themselves.

Saturday, April 3rd. I aroused the whole camp by firing my musket. I put a handful of powder in it and it made a report as loud as a large cannon. The echo was reverberated from clift to clift. The whole camp turned out thinking the alarm gun had been fired. I came very near being put under guard.

Sunday. Held meeting in the afternoon. Three wickiups were burned down, ours one of the number. We scarcely had time to get our things out. We lost two knives and a tin cup. My blankets and quilt burned a little. Our neighbors suffered worse, they lost a rifle, musket, bedding, etc.

Tuesday, April 5th. Stood day guard. On Sunday I and Henry Hawkins took a walk on the heights amongst the batteries. Henry got so dizzy he tuned quite sick.

Saturday, April 10th. My Brother, Charles C. Hurst, arrived with about 50 others. He gave me some crackers and butter. I am blessed with an excellent appetite but have had very little to satisfy it since we have been out. I do not know the reason but we do not get half enough to eat, sometimes meat without bread and then bread without meat. However, I do not feel to grumble.

Sunday, April 11th. Had a bath, attended outdoor meeting. The weather is real pleasant.

Tuesday, April 15th. I washed my shirts yesterday. Gave Clement a change as he brought none with him. The company he belonged to was ordered to Lost Creek yesterday. As my boots were considerably better than his (his being out at the toes) it

was with some difficulty I persuaded on him to take mine. They started this morning. I felt very lonely all the rest of the day. I feel to say, "God Bless my Brother, Clement, and preserve him from danger."

Nothing particularly worthy of note occurred until Monday, April 19th. Two companies, fifty in each, were released and started home. Same day, our company was ordered up to Lost Station. Accordingly, on Tuesday, April 20th, accompanied with a wagon we marched to Lost Station. Distance from Echo Camp, 25 miles. It is well named, Lost Station, for it requires quite a number of men at different posts to guard it. It commanded a ravine of the main road five miles distance. At different times the guard had to report everything that passed. Captain E. Hanks and ten or twelve men were also stationed here. They were generally out scouting. The guard duty was very heavy. The Brethren grumbled considerably.

I cut a pipe out of solid rock with a knife. Made Captain Conyer a present of it. E. Hanks was so pleased with it that he requested me to make him one on a larger scale. I worked hard for a week and then finished it on the 27th of April.

The guard has been doubled lately on account of Powell and twelve men who it was reported were going to stampede our horses and run them off to Bridger, 35 miles away. E. Hanks and seven of the boys went in search of him. They heard he was at the Indian's camp, 8 miles from here, but Ben Simons declared if they went to take Powell they would have to kill him first. However, he said he would send him away, and after he left their camp E. Hanks could do as they liked. Ben went down to camp, told them that E. Hanks was after the. This was enough, at midnight they fled to Bridger.

April 30th. Captain Winder with 19 horsemen arrived to relieve Captain E. Hanks and company. They brought word we would be released in a few days. Sunday the boys builded a corral. Tuesday, May 3rd, 26 men arrived. I volunteered to stay till next relief. Captain Winder wished me to make him a large pipe like Captain Hanks. I told him I did not want the job. "Oh," said he, "make me one and I will pay you for it." After 8 days hard work I finished it. Everybody said it was well worth 5 or 10 dollars.

Sunday, May 8th. Brothers S. Richards, G. Snider and John Green arrived from the East. They reported a large company on the road. Captain Winder dispatched five horsemen to meet them, Dr. Clinton and some others. They calculated to meet them on Green River.

Number of Indians in camp, continually spying out everything they can. The Brethren report great commotion in the East, and in fact all over the world, about the Mormon question.

May 12th. The horsemen returned from Green River without accident.

Saturday, May 22nd. Received a letter from Sister Cook. I and a number of others were released. Next morning, Sunday, May 23rd, we started. Marched 35 miles calling at Echo Camp, and here we were joined by 100 men. It was with great difficulty we forded the river, it was running high at the time. Some of the Brethren lost their hats, pants, boots and shoes. One man nearly drowned.

I had the unexpected pleasure of meeting my brother , Clement, who is in good health. His company was also released.

Next morning Major F. Woolley organized and appointed Captain Burt to take charge of us till we got to the city We marched within 12 miles of the city, about 30 miles. Many of the boys were completely tired out. They called for volunteers to stand guard to watch the horses. I offered my services. Went out at twelve o'clock. Next morning, Tuesday, we marched into the city. All belonging to he country were dispatched accordingly, after getting counsel from Brother William Kimball.

Clem and I started without any provisions. We reached Mountain Neille (?) well on in the night and laid down under a bush till morning. We then pushed on. Passed through Battle Creek. About a mile this side we stopped at a camp. Clem asked a man if he had any grub he wanted eaten up. The man said no. I said I wanted rest anyhow. Presently an elderly woman (God bless her) came up and asked if we would like some new milk to drink. I told her yes, adding that we were very hungry having had nothing to eat since the day previous. "Oh! dear!!" She replied, "Come down to camp, we have plenty."

I need scarcely say, it was with thankful hearts we sat down and did justice to a large dish of bread and milk.

We reached Provo about ten o'clock a.m. after a walk of 130 miles over a rugged country in about three days. Just as we were making inquiries respecting the whereabouts of Brother Cook's family we met Brother Thomas, who was then on his way to the city. Following his directions we found them camped by the city wall, West. There we received a hearty welcome by all of the family. After resting for a while we took a refreshing bath.

I feel thankful that we have got home once more. I realize that the hand of the Lord has been over us for good all the time we have been away.

Since that time we have put up a bowery, etc., working making a Spanish fence, made wall for Dr. Duncan, etc.

June 24th. Since that time we have been working around home here, trying to make ourselves comfortable. Brother Thomas, Clem and I have built an adobe room, also a Cooper shop, thatched the whole with cane. We have experienced some very heavy rain all last week.

----------------------------------------

On June 7, the peace commission reached Salt Lake City. They were amazed to find such a large city empty of citizens, for all the Saints had fled south.

On June 26 the army passed through Salt Lake City and camped on the Jordan River. Three days later they marched southward and established a permanent base, Camp Floyd, in Cedar Valley. The army base remained staffed until the outbreak of the Civil War.

See the appendix for more details.
There has been considerable talk about peace lately, in fact, after the commissioners (who have been sent on for that purpose) had met in council with the First Presidency and the Quorum of the Twelve in Salt Lake City, they came here last Wednesday, June 16th, and General Powell addressed us. I was never more disgusted in my life; said he, "When you hear the drums of that gallant army, do not fear." Stated that he was well acquainted with general Harney, that he was a gentleman and a soldier. went to some length teaching (or trying) us the laws of the Constitution. I have not got patience to write more. Suffice it to say it appeared to me to be full of the devil. Nobody made any reply to what had been said.

We suffered considerably from the rain. Our bedding got wet and kept so all the week till Saturday night. Then it cleared up and has been fine ever since.

Miss Aurelia Hawkins paid us a visit, and stayed till Monday morning. She is to all appearances a very amiable young lady.

On Tuesday and Wednesday four of us went to Springville with the idea of working splitting stones, but after waiting two or three days we climbed the high mountains and descended the lowest depths. I certainly never traveled over rougher country. Brother Boyle and I ascended those high mountains at the back of Springville*. We had a splendid view of both Utah Lake and Salt Lake. We have concluded to work on the road till Provo Canyon is opened.

I forgot to state that previous to this that in connection with some of my old fellow laborers on the Sandwich Islands, I was called on the stand to speak my feeling. I did so with great freedom. The first Presidency were there and most of the twelve. I must confess I felt mighty small when called on. S. Malen, E. Bell, George Spiers are the names of the brethren just returned from the Islands.

Monday, June 28th. Thomas went to work on the road. I got a small job to work in a garden hoeing, etc. Tuesday, Brother Cook and I started at daylight up Pole Canyon. We got our load and started back. Owing to there being so many flies the oxen were nearly mad, in fact unmanageable. They broke the wagon. We cut a pole and splice on. Took off near half the load and went on about half a mile and capsized the wagon. Loaded up again and proceeded about one mile farther and then turned the wagon. Finally after loading, fixing and refixing we reached home about midnight. Was tired to death and suffered dreadfully for want of water.

Up to this time I had entirely forgot that I paid my tithing while at both Parowan and Beaver. While at Parowan, January 28th, I paid $3.37½. Again at Beaver I paid a tenth of all I possessed even to what I had on. The bishop valued me at ten dollars, or rather what I stood up in. Valued my revolver at $35.00, and all I owned at about the same rate. The following is a certificate of receipt from the Bishop: "Beaver City Tithing Office, 20 February, 1858. This certifies that Frederick William Hurst has paid

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* Springville: just south of Provo J.H.

his property tithing in full up to 1858. Philo T. Farnsworth, Bishop." Besides paying my tithing I worked most of the time I was in Beaver for the Church.

Well to return, on Friday, July 2nd, Brothers Cook and Thomas and I went up Pole Canyon. Succeeded in getting back without accident.

I was 25 years of age last Wednesday. We kept Clement's, Thomas's and my birthday anniversaries on Saturday, July 3rd. We had quite a social party in the evening. There were present, Brother H. G. Boyle, Miss M. E. Green, Miss Lucy Young, Miss Lucy Spencer, Mrs. H. Clausen, Miss S. Brown. We had quite a merry time.

On Sunday Brother Boyle and I went up Provo Canyon to work on the road at $2.00 per day. We worked from one quarter to half past four o'clock in the morning till eight o'clock in the evening. It was worse than slavery. It seemed to us as if the day would never come to an end. Brother Boyle was sick most of the time. I worked for seven days and the job was finished and we returned to Provo.

Monday, July 12th. Thomas was going to the city with a load of things. On the following Thursday, July 14th, Sister Cook and Lilly, Clement and I started with one load of things, and the cow and calf. Brother John R. Young kindly offered Ma and Lilly a ride to the city as we were very heavily loaded. We camped at Dry Creek all night. Had considerable difficulty with the cow and the calf all day, however, on Friday the 15th about noon, we reached the City. Thomas had engaged the Grebble house.

Saturday evening Sister Cook and I paid Mrs. J. Hyde a visit, also her sister, Miss A. Hawkins, after which I attended a private meeting in the Seventh Ward Schoolhouse. Charles M. ________ was cut off from the Church for perjury, unchristian conduct. It is counseled for every man, woman and child to have at least 11 bushels of wheat on hand. One for seed wheat. The price of flour $10.00 per hundred lbs. and wheat $3.00.

Next morning Thomas and I went to Provo. Brother Besan Lewis kindly let us ride all the way. He offered to give me a situation herding stock on shares. We tried to get a job digging a mill race but, owing to the lethargy of the people, President Young is not going to build just now.

Brother Maybe gave me a job on Monday and Tuesday after which the same evening after eating a hearty supper at Brother Baybe's we started on foot. Walked nearly to the point of the mountain, then laid down till day dawned in company with Seymour and Grant Young, who kindly brought our things from Provo. While at Provo these last two days we earned $2.00 in cash, and fifty lbs. of flour. We reached Great Salt Lake City about half past 10 a.m. We traveled 100 miles, worked two days, and were back in the city in less than 3½ days, from the time we left that is. We started for Provo on Sunday and got back on Wednesday morning.

The following Monday Morning Brother Cook and I took to work at mowing (two bushels of wheat per day). Worked three and three-fourths days. It's the first time I ever entered a field armed with a scythe. I got along remarkably well. Brother Van Cott said I was rather green at it but I was willing. It is heavier work in water up to the knees cutting tall heavy cane.

On Sunday, Brother Creighton Hawkins and I went up Spring Hollow to get serviceberries. Sister Hawkins, Riego and others came after us in a wagon, however, we could not find anything worth fetching home. I spent the rest of the day at Sister Hawkins.

This last week I have spent making hay for ourselves, digging up a piece of ground to plant turnips. Clement and Brother Sherman went to the point of the mountain last Monday to work digging a cellar. Times are pretty lively considering there are no meetings. We are generally out visiting almost every evening.

Saturday, August 7th. We made up a serviceberry party consisting of the following persons: Mrs. Woodmansee, her sister Miss A. Hawkins, Lilly and Thomas, Howard and George, Miss Lucy Spencer and Myself. We hired Brother G. F. Hendry's horses. Brother H. Spencer took his own team. We went up Parley's Canyon, we passed the sugar works, called at the penitentiary. The Keeper's wife very kindly showed us around. When we got to the toll gate an old woman said we should not pass unless we paid 40¢. I told her we had no change, however, an old man came out and let us pass, but told us it was no use going up this canyon for there were no berries. before night we proved that he had told us the truth. We did not succeed in getting any. We then turned back and went up Red Butte Canyon. Stayed all night and returned the next morning about noon without securing a single serviceberry.

On Monday I worked for Brother Goddard assisting them to move. Tuesday, August 10th, I accompanied quite a number of young people on a pleasure trip up City Creek canyon. Spent the day very agreeably. I worked at mowing and haymaking with Pa today for Brother Frost.

Friday and Saturday Thomas and I hauled hay for ourselves. The first load the rack broke and overturned the hay in the street about three blocks from the house. We borrowed another rack from Brother Henery Hanson, took it down and while Thomas (he being driver) was turning the wagon around the tongue broke short off. However, we spliced it on and succeeded in getting the load home.

Sunday went to see Brother Staner's gardens. Spent the week mowing and hauling hay. The heat is very oppressing. Had a splendid rain Saturday and Sunday, August 20 and 21. Monday and Tuesday mowed and hauled hay for Sister Hawkins. Wednesday evening I rode with Brother Branehn to Farmington. Thursday, August 26th, worked at the thrashing machine all day. In the evening walked home 10 miles. Had a warm bath, etc.

Friday, August 27th, got a job to work on the road up City Creek for $2.00 a day and board. We are to start up on Sunday, up to October 14th. At noon we got through with the job. I have made 38 and 3/4 days work at $1.50 per day. Made $58.00, $12.50 coming to me.

It grieves me to have to state that Brother William Cook was shot while on duty in the right thigh. If he ever recovers he will at least be laid up all winter. I heard this from Thomas. At his request I stayed up all Thursday night to cut poles. I camped with Brother Aaron Thatcher, my old Colleague in California.

Friday, October 15th. Thomas came up with a team. I assisted him to load up the firewood and then returned home with him. Found Pa in a very precarious state. He suffered dreadfully from the effects of his wound. I copy from the Deseret News of October 13th, 1858:

"Last night about 8 o'clock, Mr. William Cook, while on duty as policeman at the lockup, was shot through the thigh by a ruffian named McDonald, alias Cunningham, a teamster recently arrived by Hall's train. It appears that McDonald and two men named Foster and Ingram went to the guard house for the purpose of forcibly releasing two prisoners there. They had declared in another part of the city that they would go there and liberate the men. Forster had lately been confined there but during that time had examined the lock and key of the sleeping apartment, and stated to the prisoners that they were fools for remaining there under such locks. They had, however, been treated kindly by the several policemen who had charge of them and showed no inclination to consider his insinuations. The three men gained access to the prisoners through professions of kindliness. And while there Foster offered another key for the lock to the prisoners. He refused it when it was forced into the pocket of his pants. In the meantime, while coming in an apparently friendly manner, McDonald jumped up, drew his pistol, cocks it and presents it to the breast of one of the prisoners, cursing at him, and telling him to run or he would shoot. Here the man hesitated and as the other persisted in his threats, Mr. Cooke told him firmly that he must desist. He then discharged his revolver at Mr. Cooke, the Policeman, and shot him in the right high, severely fracturing the bone, the ball reaching near the skin on the opposite side from which it has been extracted completely flattened to about an inch in diameter. The three intruders then escaped. Ingram has been arrested, but the others have escaped as yet the search of the officers. The foregoing are the facts so far as we have learned. Much sympathy has been excited in behalf of Mr. William Cooke, who is a gentleman in every respect. And some little excitement prevails as circumstances such as this have hitherto been unknown in the Territory."

Owing to a variety of circumstances I have not kept my journal lately, in fact for the last 18 months. Consequently I am under the necessity of writing from memory. I married Miss Aurelia Hawkins on the 3rd of November, 1858. I rented a house in the 14th Ward. Shortly after, my wife's Brother, Leo Hawkins, was laid up with consumption. I cut his wood for him all winter and went and assisted him as often as circumstances would permit. I worked around cutting firewood for President Joseph Young, and David Chandler and others. In the Spring, 3rd March, 1859, we moved to the east boundary of the 13th ward and took a lot on shares belonging to Widow Simpson. I also rented a large room (?) of hers. My Brother-in-law, Creighton Hawkins, gave me 27 rods of land in the 12th Ward, close by. A great deal of my garden stuff failed, however, I got plenty of work around, gardening, etc.

In the month of May (29 May 1859) Leo Hawkins died after a lingering illness of eight months. I hasten to pass over this scene of sorrow. (We, Harry and Ida, insert this information taken from Church Chronology by Jensen. Sunday 29th of May, 1859, Leo Hawkins, Clerk of the Historian's office died in Great Salt Lake City.)

Creighton, Clement and I got a job cutting saw logs in City Creek Canyon. Worked about 6 or 7 weeks. We scarcely earned our salt and almost worked ourselves to death, but I believe E. Ellsworth cheated us. We scarcely cleared $13.00 each according to E. Ellsworth.

I bought a log house off of John Hoagland. Gave him $40.00. Moved it down to the 12th Ward and built it on the land Creighton gave to me. It took me considerable time and labor to build up my winter's wood, however, I got my house finished, and we moved into it November 26, 1859. I had considerable sickness all winter for I worked too hard all summer to get a start and make a comfortable home.

February 23, 1860. My wife was delivered of a fine boy, weighing 10 lbs. The child is very healthy and strong, and Aurelia got along famously. I hired Sister Rogers, a real good nurse. She is a Widow.

April 5, 1860. I attended Conference. The best kind of Spirit prevailed. Everything goes to prove to my mind the Kingdom of God is rolling on with increased velocity. I never felt better in my life.

On the 8th of April I received a letter from Brother Shearman stating that he had got me a situation out at Ruby Valley, Western Route* to California. I saw Mr. Egan. He told me he wanted me to start with the first team which would start on the 13th of April, on Friday. He also said he would give me $35.00 per month to start on, etc. I am going out for the express purpose of making a garden.

I made arrangements for my wife to stay with her Mother while I am away. Not having time I left everything for Creighton to move. I rented the house to Mr. Hooper for $3.00 per month. I also wrote out a list of debts due me to the amount of $31.00 and left it with my brother, Clement, to collect.

-----------------------------

* a position with the Pony Express: see the appendix

I started April 13th with Constantine, a Frenchman, he was teamster. Drove one of these large freight wagons with six mules, also a young man, Joseph Wintle. I understood Mr. Egan that I was to ride out to Ruby, but after we started we were given to understand that the wagon was too heavily loaded, consequently we had to walk. Although I was so sick and weak it seemed that I would give out. By the time I had traveled five miles, Constantine very kindly let me ride. Accordingly drove down the state road.

We reached Majo's at the Warm Springs about four o'clock p.m., just in time to see the Bar Keeper and his boss have a quarrel and fight. Pistols were drawn but it ended without shooting. Having no orders, we had quite a fuss to get supper. We were all in a starving condition having had nothing to eat since early morning.

Next morning we started at three o'clock a.m. and arrived at Camp Floyd at 12:00 a.m. Breakfasted at 1:30 p.m. at Thomas Drun's Saloon. The place appeared to me to be worse than a Saloon. How men that call themselves Mormons can live in such a place it is a mystery to me. It was a perfect hell to me. Talk of cursing, and swearing, I have never seen it beat, not even in the Gold Mines.

Next morning, Sunday, April 15th. We drove over to Gilbert and Gerrish's store and took in a quantity of bacon , some sugar, lumber for well curbs, and in fact we filled the wagon to the top of the box. Mr. Egan also hired ten or a dozen of the worst black guards and black legs, loafers that could be scared up around Camp Floyd. I guess I just have to say too much. Suffice it to say I kept myself to myself as much as possible.

We reached Jackson's station in Brush Hollow before sundown, after a weary walk over a perfect sandy rocky desert without water. Distance, 25 miles, 75 miles from the City. Next day traveled about ten miles and then broke down.

Constantine left Joe Wintle and I to mind the goods, etc., while he went back to Camp Floyd for another wagon. The balance of the crowd went on to Simpson Springs. Next day 900 head of cattle passed us, also three rough looking fellows, stating they had been hired by Mr. Egan, which statement afterward proved false.

On Thursday, April 19th, Constantine arrived with the running gears of a wagon. We put the bed of the other wagon, had them loaded up, and although it was 3:00 p.m. we started for Simpson Springs, where we arrived at 11:00 p.m. I was in hell all night for the men carried on shamefully and kept me awake most all night.

On the 20th we started at 4:00 in the evening to cross what they call the 40 mile desert. We reached the Dugway Station after midnight. We had no shelter and it kept storming. Nothing but a very little sagebrush to burn. The wagon did not arrive until

about 3:00 a.m. I thought I would perish with the cold. I never shivered more before in my life. After a scant breakfast we traveled two miles, then had the pleasure of packing a sack of potatoes each up the dugway, about a quarter of a mile. Then walked 25 miles farther to Fresh Springs. We ate up everything on the station before the wagon arrived which was about 11:00 p.m. I and Brother Crossbey took our blankets and went out to the haystack where I really did enjoy a good night's rest. Many of the party complained of sore feet.

Saturday evening, after traveling in the rain most of the day we arrived at Willow Springs. No shelter again. Just like the Dugway station, nothing but a small tent. However we had plenty of wood. They had nothing but a little flour. I made some kind of cake till the wagon arrived at 11:00 p.m. I then cooked supper for all hands, the rest being too tired.

Sunday we traveled 18 miles. Camped in the mountains. Next day early, arrived at Deep Creek Station. While resting I wrote letter No. 1 to my wife, Aurelia.

Same evening rolled out again and traveled 9 miles. Camped at the Springs with neither wood nor food. The consequence was the mules strayed off while we were eating supper. Hunted till near midnight in the rain. At last we laid down.

I had just got fairly to sleep when I was aroused by the cry of "Fire", and sure enough we were all in flames. Some of the bedding was burned considerably. I had lent my quilt to a Brother who had no bedding and it was entirely spoiled.

At early down next morning, Constantine and I tracked the mules for about seven miles. We had a great deal of trouble to catch them. Got back to the wagons about 9:00 a.m. I rode a good part of the way for I really was too tired to walk. When we got within 7 miles of Antelope Springs we met Brother W. H. Shearman. We had a short chat together. I gave him the letter I wrote to Aurelia at Deep Creek Station. I did not catch the wagon till we got to Antelope Springs.

Next day we laid by and I wrote to Clement, and next day when we got to Pete Neil's I left it to him to put in the mail. We laid out one to Brother Shearman from his wife.

We narrowly escaped a fuss with the Indians through that hot-headed fellow, Constantine. They were begging as usual and wanted to trade. Constantine only answered them with curses. At last one of them said he was like a wolf running away. It was downhill at the time and the mules were on the lope. With that, Constantine stopped the team, jumped down, seized his revolver and ran to the hind end of the wagon as the Indians (there were two of them) started to run. We drove on, we got about 100 yards and one of them stopped and drew a bead on us but didn't fire.

We reached Shell Creek about 3:00 p.m. Next day drove on to Egan's Station, Saturday to Butte, and on Sunday, April 29th, 1860 we arrived at Ruby Valley Station, etc., etc., etc.

There are six rooms and a Blacksmith Shop at this Station*. During Brother Shearman's absence Mr. E. N. Dillon had charge and Brother George Aly, assistant. Also one express rider, Brother William Fisher or James Carlow.

After noting my new home it put me in mind of a prison, built wholly of logs and the never failing dirt roof. Next day, Brother George and I fixed up what few tools there were around and the balance of the day we spent gardening.

Last week we expected a fuss with the Indians for we heard they were going to drive off our stock. We watched all night but they did not come, however, we have kept out watch ever since.

Last Saturday received a letter from Aurelia and was truly glad to hear from home. Both her and the little child are well. I also received a nice letter from Howard Egan telling me to take charge of the station and all of the mail properly belonging to the same, and give Mr. Dillon a receipt, and proceed with all the necessary improvements as fast as possible.

Yesterday morning Brother James Carlow arrived from Diamond Springs and stated that the Indians had killed Raphael Lazier at Dry Creek, John Applegate and James Aulcoutt (?) at Simpson Fork, and set fire to the Station. That Lafayette Ball and Silas McCandless had run on foot all the way from Dry Creek to Robert Creek. That they also left that station at 12:00 last night and came over to Diamond, 25 miles from here. He also stated that all the Stations from Diamond to Carson were deserted, also that 60 men had been killed by the Indians near Carson. I sat down and wrote to H. Egan explaining the particulars and sent it off by express.

In the evening much to our astonishment, the Expressman from the West arrived, but we could not send it on for the horses were used up. The mail also arrived after dark from the West. They corroborated James Carlo's statement. Also reported that large companies of volunteers will have ere this started on the road to revenge the death of the white men.

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* a Pony Express station: see the appendix